word selma'o gloss description .e A sumti and logical connective: sumti afterthought and ji A sumti conn ? logical connective: sumti afterthought connective question .o A sumti iff logical connective: sumti afterthought biconditional/iff/if-and-only-if .a A sumti or logical connective: sumti afterthought or .u A sumti whether logical connective: sumti afterthought whether-or-not .enai A* sumti but not logical connective: sumti afterthought x but not y na.a A* sumti only if logical connective: sumti afterthought conditional/only if .onai A* sumti xor logical connective: sumti afterthought exclusive or; Latin 'aut' du'o BAI according to djuno modal, 1st place (info source) authoritatively; according to ...; known by ... si'u BAI aided by sidju modal, 1st place (aiding agent) aided by ... zau BAI approved by zanru modal, 1st place approved by ... ki'i BAI as a relation of ckini modal, 1st place (related to) relatively; as a relation of ... du'i BAI as much as dunli modal, 1st place (equalled by) equally; as much as ... cu'u BAI as said by cusku modal, 1st place (attribution/quotation) as said by source ...; used for quotation tu'i BAI associated with site stuzi modal, 1st place (used to situate letters) associated with site ... ; label with location ti'u BAI associated with time tcika modal, 1st place (for letters) associated with time ... ; attach time stamp di'o BAI at the locus of diklo modal, 1st place at the locus of ... ji'u BAI based on jicmu modal, 1st place (assumptions); given that ...; based on ... ri'a BAI because of cause rinka modal, 1st place (phys./mental) causal because ... ni'i BAI because of logic nibli modal, 1st place logically; logically because ... mu'i BAI because of motive mukti modal, 1st place because of motive ... ki'u BAI because of reason krinu modal, 1st place (justified by) justifiably; because of reason ... va'u BAI benefiting from xamgu modal, 1st place beneficiary case tag complement benefiting from ... koi BAI bounded by korbi modal, 1st place (bordered by) bounded by ... ca'i BAI by authority of catni modal, 1st place by authority of ... ta'i BAI by method tadji modal, 1st place (in manner 3) methodically; by method ... pu'e BAI by process pruce modal, 1st place (in manner 1) by process ... ja'i BAI by rule javni modal, 1st place (by standard 1) orderly; by rule ... kai BAI characterizing ckaji modal, 1st place characterizing ... bai BAI compelled by bapli modal, 1st place (forced by) forcedly; compelled by force ... fi'e BAI created by finti modal, 1st place (creator) created by ... de'i BAI dated detri modal, 1st place (for letters) dated ... ; attaches date stamp ci'o BAI emotionally felt by cinmo modal, 1st place emotionally felt by ... mau BAI exceeded by zmadu modal, 1st place (a greater) exceeded by ... ; usually a sumti modifier mu'u BAI exemplified by mupli modal, 1st place exemplified by ... ri'i BAI experienced by lifri modal, 1st place patient/passive case tag; happens to...,experienced by...,with passive... ra'i BAI from source krasi modal, 1st place from source/origin/starting point ... ka'a BAI gone to by klama modal, 1st place gone to by ... pa'u BAI having component pagbu modal, 1st place having component ... pa'a BAI in addition to panra modal, 1st place (parallel; shared property) similarly; in addition to ... le'a BAI in category klesi modal, 1st place (scalar set) in/of category ... ku'u BAI in culture kulnu modal, 1st place in culture ... tai BAI in form tamsmi modal, 1st place (like)/(in manner 2) resembling ...; sharing ideal form ... (x1 resembles x2 sharing ideal form/shape x3 in property x4) bau BAI in language bangu modal, 1st place in language ... ma'i BAI in reference frame manri modal, 1st place (by standard 2) in reference frame ... ci'e BAI in system ciste modal, 1st place used in scalar negation in system/context ... fau BAI in the event of fasnu modal, 1st place (non-causal) in the event of ... po'i BAI in the sequence porsi modal, 1st place (in order) sequentially; in the sequence ... cau BAI lacked by claxu modal, 1st place lacked by ... ma'e BAI material object marji modal, 1st place material in object/substance ... ci'u BAI on the scale ckilu modal, 1st place on the scale ... ra'a BAI pertained to by srana modal, 1st place pertained to by ... (generally more specific) pu'a BAI pleased by pluka modal, 1st place pleased by ... li'e BAI preceded by lidne modal, 1st place preceded by ...; non-time sequencing la'u BAI quantifying klani modal, 1st place (amount) quantifying ...; being a quantity of ... ba'i BAI replaced by basti modal, 1st place replaced by ... ka'i BAI represented by krati modal, 1st place represented by ... sau BAI requiring sarcu modal, 1st place requiring ... fa'e BAI reverse of fatne modal, 1st place backwards; reverse of ... be'i BAI sent by benji modal, 1st place (sender) sent by ... ti'i BAI suggested by stidi modal, 1st place suggested by ...; proposed by ... ja'e BAI therefore result jalge modal, 1st place resultingly; therefore result ... ga'a BAI to observer zgana modal, 1st place to observer ... ; witnessed by ... va'o BAI under conditions vanbi modal, 1st place (conditions 1) under conditions ...; in environment ... ji'o BAI under direction of jitro modal, 1st place (control) controlledly; under direction of ... me'a BAI undercut by mleca modal, 1st place (a lesser) undercut by ... ; usually a sumti modifier do'e BAI unspecif modal elliptical/unspecified modal ji'e BAI up to limit jimte modal, 1st place limitedly; up to limit ... pi'o BAI used by pilno modal, 1st place used by ... gau BAI with active agent gasnu modal, 1st place agent/actor case tag with active agent ... zu'e BAI with actor zukte modal, 1st place (purposed agent) with goal-seeking actor ... me'e BAI with name cmene modal, 1st place (requires quote) with name ...; so-called ... rai BAI with superlative traji modal, 1st place with superlative ... sezau BAI* approving zanru modal, 2nd place approvingly; approving ... sele'a BAI* as a category of klesi modal, 2nd place as a category of/within ... setai BAI* as a form of tamsmi modal, 2nd place similarly; resembling ... (in ideal form) (x1 resembles x2 sharing ideal form/shape x3 in property x4) seji'e BAI* as a limit of jimte modal, 2nd place limitedly; as a limit of ... setu'i BAI* as a location of stuzi modal, 2nd place as a location of ... seta'i BAI* as a method for tadji modal, 2nd place methodically; as a method for doing ... seme'e BAI* as a name for cmene modal, 2nd place (the named one) as a name for ... teme'e BAI* as a name used by cmene modal, 3rd place as a name used by ... sepa'u BAI* as a part of pagbu modal, 2nd place (whole) partially; as a part of ... sema'i BAI* as a standard for manri modal, 2nd place (of reference) as a reference standard for observing ... segau BAI* as agent in doing gasnu modal, 2nd place actor/agent case complement; actively; as active agent in doing ... sera'i BAI* as an origin of krasi modal, 2nd place originally; as an origin/starting point of ... sekoi BAI* as boundary of korbi modal, 2nd place (bounding) as boundary of ... seva'o BAI* as conditions for vanbi modal, 2nd place (environment) as conditions/environment of/for ... tecu'u BAI* as told to cusku modal, 3rd place (3rd party hearsay) as told to ... sesi'u BAI* assisting sidju modal, 2nd place assisting ... (in doing/maintaining something) tesi'u BAI* assisting in sidju modal, 3rd place assisting in doing/maintaining/achieving ... terai BAI* at extreme traji modal, 3rd place (superlative) -est; most extremely; at extreme ... tedi'o BAI* at locus within range diklo modal, 3rd place locally; at specific locus within range ... sedi'o BAI* at specific locus diklo modal, 2nd place locally; at specific locus ... seti'u BAI* at the same time as tcika modal, 2nd place (for letters) at the same time as ... ; label with event teca'i BAI* basis for authority catni modal, 3rd place authoritatively; with basis of authority ... tekoi BAI* bordering korbi modal, 3rd place (bounding) bordering ... seja'i BAI* by rule prescribing javni modal, 2nd place orderly; by rule prescribing ... teja'i BAI* by rule within javni modal, 3rd place orderly; by rule within system ... xeka'a BAI* by transport mode klama modal, 5th place by transport mode ... teri'a BAI* causal conditions rinka modal, 2nd place (phys./mental) causally under conditions ... seri'anai BAI* causal nevertheless rinka modal, 2nd place (phys./mental) causal nevertheless ... seri'a BAI* causal therefore rinka modal, 2nd place (phys./mental) causal therefore ... sebai BAI* compelling bapli modal, 2nd place (forcing result) compelling event ... sera'a BAI* concerning srana modal, 2nd place (pertaining to) relevantly; concerning ... (less specific) tepa'a BAI* contrasting property panra modal, 3rd place (property) contrastingly; contrasting in property ... seji'o BAI* controlling aspects jitro modal, 2nd place controlledly; controlling/guiding aspects ... teji'o BAI* controlling event jitro modal, 3rd place controlledly; controlling event ... tefi'e BAI* created for purpose finti modal, 3rd place creatively; created for purpose ... vefi'e BAI* created from finti modal, 4th place creatively; created from ideas/elements ... sefi'e BAI* creating work finti modal, 2nd place creatively; creating work ... tele'a BAI* defined by quality klesi modal, 3rd place (category) defined by quality ... ri'anai BAI* despite cause rinka modal, 1st place (phys./mental) despite cause ... ni'inai BAI* despite logic nibli modal, 1st place despite logic ... mu'inai BAI* despite motive mukti modal, 1st place despite motive ... ki'unai BAI* despite reason krinu modal, 1st place despite reason ... pa'aku BAI* each respectively sumti: explicitly marks respective use as in "THEY read THEIR (respective) books" seci'o BAI* emoting cinmo modal, 2nd place (shows attitude) emotionally; emoting ... teci'o BAI* emoting about cinmo modal, 3rd place (attitude about) emotionally; emoting about ... seni'inai BAI* entails nevertheless nibli modal, 2nd place entails nevertheless ... seni'i BAI* entails therefore nibli modal, 2nd place entails therefore ... tedu'i BAI* equal in property dunli modal, 3rd place equally; equal in property ... sedu'i BAI* equal to dunli modal, 2nd place (same as 1st); equal to ... [same as 1st place modal] semu'u BAI* example of property mupli modal, 2nd place as an example of property ... temu'u BAI* example out oof set mupli modal, 3rd place as an example out of the set of ... seri'i BAI* experiencing lifri modal, 2nd place experiencing ...; undergoing ... vecu'u BAI* expressed in medium cusku modal, 4th place in expression medium ... tebau BAI* expressing bangu modal, 3rd place (expression) language expressing ... secu'u BAI* expressing cusku modal, 2nd place (saying) expressively; expressing ... sezu'e BAI* goalfully acting at zukte modal, 2nd place purposefully; goalfully acting at ... teva'u BAI* goodness standard xamgu modal, 3rd place good/beneficial by standard ... seku'u BAI* in culture of kulnu modal, 2nd place (people) in culture of ... sebau BAI* in language of bangu modal, 2nd place (speakers) in language of speakers ... tema'e BAI* in material form marji modal, 3rd place in material form ... sepu'a BAI* in order to please pluka modal, 2nd place (for) pleasingly; pleasing ...; in order to please ... sela'u BAI* in quantity klani modal, 2nd place in quantity ...; measured as ... sefa'e BAI* in reversal of fatne modal, 2nd place (same as 1st); backwards; in reversal of ... seba'i BAI* instead of basti modal, 2nd place instead of ... tedu'o BAI* knowing about djuno modal, 3rd place knowingly; knowing about ... sedu'o BAI* knowing facts djuno modal, 2nd place knowingly; knowing facts ... veme'a BAI* less by amount mleca modal, 4th place (relative!) less than by amount ... teme'a BAI* less in property mleca modal, 3rd place (relative!) less than in property ... seme'a BAI* less than mleca modal, 2nd place (relative!) less than ...; usually a sumti modifier teji'e BAI* limited in property jimte modal, 3rd place limitedly; limited in property/domain ... sema'e BAI* made of material marji modal, 2nd place made of material/composition ... tela'u BAI* measured on scale klani modal, 3rd place quantity measured on scale ... teta'i BAI* method conditions tadji modal, 3rd place methodically doing (something) under conditions ... vemau BAI* more by amount zmadu modal, 4th place (relative!) more than/exceeding by amount ... temau BAI* more in property zmadu modal, 3rd place (relative!) more than/exceeding in property ... semau BAI* more than zmadu modal, 2nd place (relative!) more than ...; usually a sumti modifier semu'inai BAI* motive nevertheless mukti modal, 2nd place motive nevertheless ... temu'i BAI* motive of person mukti modal, 3rd place motivated/motivating per the volition of ... semu'i BAI* motive therefore mukti modal, 2nd place motive therefore ...; motivating action ... tesau BAI* necessarily under sarcu modal, 3rd place (conditions 2) necessarily; necessarily under ... sesau BAI* necessary for sarcu modal, 2nd place (process) necessarily; necessary for ... ja'enai BAI* nevertheless result jalge modal, 1st place (event causal) nevertheless result ... seme'anai BAI* not less than mleca modal, 2nd place (relative!) not less than ...; usually a sumti modifier semaunai BAI* not more than zmadu modal, 2nd place (relative!) not more than ...; usually a sumti modifier tega'a BAI* observed by means zgana modal, 3rd place observed by means ... vega'a BAI* observed under zgana modal, 4th place (under conditions) observed under observing conditions ... sega'a BAI* observing zgana modal, 2nd place observing ... teci'e BAI* of system components ciste modal, 3rd place of system components ... seka'i BAI* on behalf of krati modal, 2nd place representingly; on behalf of ... tede'i BAI* on date at location detri modal, 3rd place on a date measured at location ... vede'i BAI* on date by calendar detri modal, 4th place on a date according to calendar ... seci'u BAI* on scale measuring ckilu modal, 2nd place used in scalar negation on scale measuring ... sede'i BAI* on the same date as detri modal, 2nd place (for letters) on the same date as ... ; label with event teli'e BAI* ordered in sequence lidne modal, 3rd place ordered within sequence ...; non-time sequence tepo'i BAI* ordering items porsi modal, 3rd place sequentially; as an order on set of items ... vepu'e BAI* passing thru stages pruce modal, 4th place (set of stages) passing through processing stages ... tepu'a BAI* pleasing conditions pluka modal, 3rd place pleasingly; being pleasing under conditions ... seli'e BAI* preceding lidne modal, 2nd place preceding ...;leading ... ; non-time sequence sepu'e BAI* processing from pruce modal, 2nd place (inputs) processing from inputs ... tepu'e BAI* processing into pruce modal, 3rd place (outputs) processing into outputs ... seki'unai BAI* reason nevertheless krinu modal, 2nd place reason nevertheless ... seki'u BAI* reason therefore krinu modal, 2nd place reason therefore ... seki'i BAI* related to ckini modal, 2nd place (same as 1st) related to ... teka'i BAI* representing in krati modal, 2nd place representingly; representing in matter... seja'e BAI* results because jalge modal, 2nd place (event causal) results because of ... seja'enai BAI* results despite jalge modal, 2nd place (event causal) results despite ... tema'i BAI* rules of standard manri modal, 3rd place (of reference) observed/measured with/by rules ... tebe'i BAI* sent to benji modal, 3rd place (source) sent to receiver ... sepo'i BAI* sequenced by rules porsi modal, 2nd place sequentially; sequenced by rules ... tetai BAI* sharing ideal form tamsmi modal, 3rd place similarly; sharing common ideal form ... (x1 resembles x2 sharing ideal form/shape x3 in property x4) vepa'a BAI* similar by standard panra modal, 4nd place (standard/geometry) similarly; similar by standard ... vetai BAI* similar in property tamsmi modal, 4th place similarly; sharing ideal form in property ... (x1 resembles x2 sharing ideal form/shape x3 in property x4) sepa'a BAI* similar to panra modal, 2nd place similarly; similar to ... teti'i BAI* suggested to stidi modal, 3rd place suggestively; suggested to ... seti'i BAI* suggesting stidi modal, 2nd place suggestively; suggesting (idea/action) ... verai BAI* superlative among traji modal, 4th place (set) -est; most extremely; superlative among ... serai BAI* superlative in traji modal, 2nd place (property) -est; most extremely; superlative in ... seji'u BAI* supporting jicmu modal, 2nd place (from basis) supporting ...; as a basis for ... veti'u BAI* time at location tcika modal, 4th place (for letters) as a time at location ... teti'u BAI* time on day tcika modal, 3rd place (for letters) as a time on day ... vebe'i BAI* transmit origin benji modal, 4th place transmit origin ... xebe'i BAI* transmitted via benji modal, 5th place (medium) transmitted via ... sebe'i BAI* transmitting benji modal, 2nd place (message/cargo) transmitting ... vedu'o BAI* under epistemology djuno modal, 4th place under epistemology ... teni'i BAI* under logic system nibli modal, 3rd place entailment under logic system ... tepi'o BAI* usage for purpose pilno modal, 3rd place (instrumental) a tool usage for purpose ... sepi'o BAI* using tool pilno modal, 2nd place (instrumental) tool/machine/apparatus/acting entity; using (tool) ... veka'a BAI* via route klama modal, 4th place via route ... seca'i BAI* with authority over catni modal, 2nd place authoritatively; with authority over ... seva'u BAI* with beneficiary xamgu modal, 2nd place beneficiary case tag for the benefit of...; with beneficiary ... seka'a BAI* with destination klama modal, 2nd place with destination ... tezu'e BAI* with goal zukte modal, 3rd place purposefully; (as an action) with goal ... teka'a BAI* with origin klama modal, 3rd place with origin ... sekai BAI* with property ckaji modal, 2nd place (quality) characterized by ...; with property ... teki'i BAI* with relation ckini modal, 3rd place with relation ... veci'e BAI* with synergy in ciste modal, 4th place as a system with synergy in ... seci'e BAI* with system function ciste modal, 2nd place with system function ... secau BAI* without claxu modal, 2nd place (lacking) without ... ba'e BAhE emphasize next forethought emphasis indicator; indicates next word is especially emphasized za'e BAhE nonce-word next forethought nonce-word indicator; indicates next word is nonce-creation and may be nonstandard be BE link sumti sumti link to attach sumti (default x2) to a selbri; used in descriptions bei BEI link more sumti separates multiple linked sumti within a selbri; used in descriptions be'o BEhO end linked sumti elidable terminator: end linked sumti in specified description bi'e BIhE hi priority operator prefixed to a mex operator to indicate high priority mi'i BIhI center-range non-logical interval connective: ordered components: ... center, ... range surrounding center bi'o BIhI ordered interval non-logical interval connective: ordered from ... to ... bi'i BIhI unordered interval non-logical interval connective: unordered between ... and ... bo BO short scope link short scope joiner; joins various constructs with shortest scope and right grouping boi BOI end number or lerfu elidable terminator: terminate numeral or letteral string bu BU word to lerfu convert any single word to BY joibu BY* & letteral: ampersand character; especially used in standing for a mixed connective .abu BY* a letteral for a .ebu BY* e letteral for e .uibu BY* happy face letteral: happiness symbol (letteral) .ibu BY* i letteral for i .obu BY* o letteral for o zo'obu BY* smiley face letteral: humor symbol, ":-)" and its related forms expressing humor (letteral) .ubu BY* u letteral for u .ybu BY* y letteral for y jo'o BY1 Arabic shift shift letterals to Arabic alphabet ru'o BY1 Cyrillic shift shift letterals to Cyrillic alphabet ge'o BY1 Greek shift shift letterals to Greek alphabet je'o BY1 Hebrew shift shift letterals to Hebrew alphabet lo'a BY1 Lojban shift shift letterals to Lojban (Roman) alphabet na'a BY1 cancel shifts cancel all letteral shifts se'e BY1 character code following digits code a character (in ASCII, Unicode, etc.) to'a BY1 lower-case shift lower-case letteral shift ga'e BY1 upper-case shift upper-case letteral shift .y'y BY2 ' letteral for ' by BY2 b letteral for b cy BY2 c letteral for c dy BY2 d letteral for d fy BY2 f letteral for f gy BY2 g letteral for g jy BY2 j letteral for j ky BY2 k letteral for k ly BY2 l letteral for l my BY2 m letteral for m ny BY2 n letteral for n py BY2 p letteral for p ry BY2 r letteral for r sy BY2 s letteral for s ty BY2 t letteral for t vy BY2 v letteral for v xy BY2 x letteral for x zy BY2 z letteral for z pei CAI emotion ? attitudinal: attitudinal question; how do you feel about it? with what intensity? cai CAI intense emotion attitudinal: strong intensity attitude modifier cu'i CAI neutral emotion attitudinal: neutral scalar attitude modifier sai CAI strong emotion attitudinal: moderate intensity attitude modifier ru'e CAI weak emotion attitudinal: weak intensity attitude modifier ca'a CAhA actually is modal aspect: actuality/ongoing event pu'i CAhA can and has modal aspect: can and has; demonstrated potential nu'o CAhA can but has not modal aspect: can but has not; unrealized potential ka'e CAhA innately capable of modal aspect: innate capability; possibly unrealized na'epu'i CAhA* has never modal aspect: has never, and perhaps cannot; other-than-demonstrated-ability cei CEI pro-bridi assign selbri variable assignment; assigns broda series pro-bridi to a selbri ce'e CEhE afterthought termset links terms into an afterthought termset co CO tanru inversion tanru inversion operator; "... of type ..."; allows modifier trailing sumti without sumti links ju'i COI attention vocative: attention - at ease - ignore me coi COI greetings vocative: greetings/hello fi'i COI hospitality vocative: hospitality - inhospitality; you are welcome/ make yourself at home ta'a COI interruption vocative: interruption mu'o COI over vocative: over (response OK) - more to come fe'o COI over and out vocative: over and out (end discussion) co'o COI partings vocative: partings/good-bye pe'u COI please vocative: please ke'o COI please repeat vocative: please repeat nu'e COI promise vocative: promise - promise release - un-promise re'i COI ready to receive vocative: ready to receive - not ready to receive be'e COI request to send vocative: request to send/speak je'e COI roger vocative: roger (ack) - negative acknowledge; used to acknowledge offers and thanks mi'e COI self-introduction self vocative: self-introduction - denial of identity; identifies speaker ki'e COI thanks vocative: thanks - no thanks to you vi'o COI wilco vocative: wilco (ack and will comply) ju'icu'i COI* at ease vocative: attention - at ease - ignore me coico'o COI* greetings in passing vocative: greetings in passing ju'inai COI* ignore me vocative: attention - at ease - ignore me fi'inai COI* inhospitality vocative: hospitality - inhospitality mu'onai COI* more to come vocative: over (response OK) - more to come je'enai COI* negative acknowledge vocative: roger (ack) - negative acknowledge; I didn't hear you ki'enai COI* no thanks to you vocative: thanks - no thanks to you mi'enai COI* no, I am not self vocative: self-introduction - denial of identity; denies identity of speaker nu'enai COI* non-promise vocative: promise - promise release - un-promise re'inai COI* not ready to receive vocative: ready to receive - not ready to receive nu'ecu'i COI* release from promise vocative: promise - promise release - un-promise cu CU selbri separator elidable marker: separates selbri from preceding sumti, allows preceding terminator elision cu'e CUhE modal ? tense/modal question nau CUhE reference point tense: refers to current space/time reference absolutely da'o DAhO cancel pro-assigns discursive: cancel pro-sumti/pro-bridi assignments doi DOI vocative marker generic vocative marker; identifies intended listener; elidable after COI doido'u DOI* O You! generic vocative address to intended listener; do'u DOhU end vocative elidable terminator: end vocative (often elidable) fa FA 1st sumti place sumti place tag: tag 1st sumti place fe FA 2nd sumti place sumti place tag: tag 2nd sumti place fi FA 3rd sumti place sumti place tag: tag 3rd sumti place fo FA 4th sumti place sumti place tag: tag 4th sumti place fu FA 5th sumti place sumti place tag: tag 5th sumti place fai FA extra sumti place sumti place tag: tag a sumti moved out of numbered place structure; used in modal conversions fi'a FA sumti place ? sumti place tag: place structure number/tag question mo'ire'o FAhA* along space motion tense: along; along a path directional space motion mo'izo'i FAhA* approaching space motion tense: approaching directional space motion mo'ine'a FAhA* approximating space motion tense: approximating; moving around the neighborhood of ... space motion mo'ifa'a FAhA* arriving at space motion tense: arriving at; arriving at a point directional space motion mo'ini'a FAhA* downwardly space motion tense: downwardly; downwards directional space motion mo'idu'a FAhA* eastwardly space motion tense: eastwardly; to the east directional space motion mo'ica'u FAhA* forward space motion tense: forward directional space motion mo'ine'i FAhA* into space motion tense: moving into directional space motion mo'izu'a FAhA* leftwardsly space motion tense: leftwardsly; to the left directional space motion mo'ito'o FAhA* moving away from space motion tense: moving away from a point directional space motion mo'ite'e FAhA* moving the border space motion tense: moving along the border directional space motion mo'ibu'u FAhA* moving to coincide space motion tense: moving to coincide directional space motion mo'ibe'a FAhA* northwardly space motion tense: northwardly; to the north directional space motion na'efa'a FAhA* not towards point space direction: not towards specified point, contrary negation; direction modal mo'iru'u FAhA* orbiting space motion tense: orbiting; surrounding/annular directional space motion mo'ize'o FAhA* outwardsly space motion tense: outwardsly; outward directional space motion mo'izo'a FAhA* passing by space motion tense: passing by a site directional space motion mo'ipa'o FAhA* passing through space motion tense: passing through directional space motion mo'iti'a FAhA* rearwardsly space motion tense: rearwardsly; rearwards directional space motion mo'iri'u FAhA* rightwardly space motion tense: rightwardly; to the right directional space motion mo'ine'u FAhA* southwardly space motion tense: southwardly; to the south directional space motion mo'iga'u FAhA* upwardly space motion tense: upwardly; upwards directional space motion mo'ivu'a FAhA* westwardly space motion tense: westwardly; to the west directional space motion du'a FAhA1 east of location tense relation/direction; east of be'a FAhA1 north of location tense relation/direction; north of ne'u FAhA1 south of location tense relation/direction; south of vu'a FAhA1 west of location tense relation/direction; west of ga'u FAhA2 above location tense relation/direction; upwards/up from ... ti'a FAhA2 behind location tense relation/direction; rearwards/to the rear of ... ni'a FAhA2 below location tense relation/direction; downwards/down from ... ca'u FAhA2 in front of location tense relation/direction; forwards/to the front of ... zu'a FAhA2 on the left of location tense relation/direction; leftwards/to the left of ... ri'u FAhA2 on the right of location tense relation/direction; rightwards/to the right of ... ru'u FAhA2 surrounding location tense relation/direction; surrounding/annular ... re'o FAhA3 adjacent to location tense relation/direction; adjacent to/touching/contacting ... te'e FAhA3 bordering location tense relation/direction; edged by/edging up to ... bu'u FAhA3 coincident with location tense relation/direction; coincident with/at the same place as; space equivalent of ca ne'a FAhA3 next to location tense relation/direction; approximating/next to ... pa'o FAhA3 transfixing location tense relation/direction; transfixing/passing through ... ne'i FAhA3 within location tense relation/direction; within/inside of/into ... to'o FAhA4 away from point location tense relation/direction; departing from/directly away from ... zo'i FAhA4 inward location tense relation/direction; nearer than .../inward/approaching from ... ze'o FAhA4 outward location tense relation/direction; beyond/outward/receding from ... zo'a FAhA4 tangential to location tense relation/direction; tangential to/passing by ... fa'a FAhA4 towards point location tense relation/direction; arriving at/directly towards ... fa'o FAhO end of text unconditional end of text; outside regular grammar; used for computer input fe'e FEhE space aspects mark space interval distributive aspects; labels interval tense modifiers as location-oriented fe'u FEhU end modal selbri elidable terminator: end nonce conversion of selbri to modal; usually elidable fi'o FIhO selbri to modal convert selbri to nonce modal/sumti tag foi FOI end composite lerfu terminator: end composite lerfu; never elidable fu'a FUhA reverse Polish reverse Polish mathematical expression (mex) operator flag fu'e FUhE indicator scope begin indicator long scope fu'o FUhO end indicator scope end indicator long scope; terminates scope of all active indicators ge GA fore and logical connective: forethought all but tanru-internal and (with gi) ge'i GA fore conn ? logical connective: forethought all but tanru-internal connective question (with gi) go GA fore iff logical connective: forethought all but tanru internal biconditional/iff/if-and-only-if(with gi) ga GA fore or logical connective: forethought all but tanru-internal or (with gi) gu GA fore whether logical connective: forethought all but tanru-internal whether-or-not (with gi) ganai GA* fore only if logical connective: forethought all but tanru-internal conditional/only if (with gi) gonai GA* fore xor logical connective: forethought all but tanru-internal exclusive or (with gi); Latin 'aut' ke'i GAhO exclusive interval open interval bracket marker; modifies intervals in non-logical connectives; exclude boundaries ga'o GAhO inclusive interval closed interval bracket marker; mod. intervals in non-logical connectives; include boundaries ge'u GEhU end relative phrase elidable terminator: end relative/modal phrases; usually elidable in non-complex phrases gi GI connective medial logical connective: all but tanru-internal forethought connective medial marker gi'e GIhA bridi and logical connective: bridi-tail afterthought and gi'i GIhA bridi conn ? logical connective: bridi-tail afterthought conn question gi'o GIhA bridi iff logical connective: bridi-tail afterthought biconditional/iff/if-and-only-if gi'a GIhA bridi or logical connective: bridi-tail afterthought or gi'u GIhA bridi whether logical connective: bridi-tail afterthought whether-or-not gi'enai GIhA* bridi but not logical connective: bridi-tail afterthought x but not y nagi'a GIhA* bridi only if logical connective: bridi-tail afterthought conditional/only if gi'onai GIhA* bridi xor logical connective: bridi-tail afterthought exclusive or; Latin 'aut' no'u GOI incidental identity non-restrictive appositive phrase marker: which incidentally is the same thing as ... ne GOI incidental phrase non-restrictive relative phrase marker: which incidentally is associated with ... po GOI is specific to restrictive relative phrase marker: which is specific to ...; normal possessive physical/legal goi GOI pro-sumti assign sumti assignment; used to define/assign ko'a/fo'a series pro-sumti; Latin 'sive' po'u GOI restrictive identity restrictive appositive phrase marker: which is the same thing as pe GOI restrictive phrase restrictive relative phrase marker: which is associated with ...; loosest associative/possessive po'e GOI which belongs to restrictive relative phrase marker: which belongs to ... ; inalienable possession mo GOhA bridi ? pro-bridi: bridi/selbri/brivla question nei GOhA current bridi pro-bridi: repeats the current bridi go'u GOhA earlier bridi pro-bridi: repeats a remote past bridi go'o GOhA future bridi pro-bridi: repeats a future bridi, normally the next one go'i GOhA last bridi pro-bridi: preceding bridi; in answer to a yes/no question, repeats the claim, meaning yes no'a GOhA next outer bridi pro-bridi: repeats the bridi in which this one is embedded go'e GOhA penultimate bridi pro-bridi: repeats the next to last bridi go'a GOhA recent bridi pro-bridi: repeats a recent bridi (usually not the last 2) du GOhA same identity as identity selbri; = sign; x1 identically equals x2, x3, etc.; attached sumti refer to same thing bu'a GOhA some selbri 1 logically quantified predicate variable: some selbri 1 bu'e GOhA some selbri 2 logically quantified predicate variable: some selbri 2 bu'i GOhA some selbri 3 logically quantified predicate variable: some selbri 3 co'e GOhA unspecif bridi elliptical/unspecified bridi relationship nago'i GOhA* deny last bridi selbri: repeats preceding bridi while denying it as false; pro-assign values are unchanged go'ira'o GOhA* true for me too pro-bridi: preceding bridi; repeats claim as true, updating for speaker/listener change gu'e GUhA fore tanru and logical connective: tanru-internal forethought and (with gi) gu'i GUhA fore tanru conn ? logical connective: tanru-internal forethought question (with gi) gu'o GUhA fore tanru iff logical connective: tanru-internal forethought biconditional/iff/if-and-only-if (with gi) gu'a GUhA fore tanru or logical connective: tanru-internal forethought or (with gi) gu'u GUhA fore tanru whether logical connective: tanru-internal forethought whether-or-not (with gi) gu'anai GUhA* fore tanru only if logical connective: tanru-internal forethought conditional/only if (with gi) gu'onai GUhA* fore tanru xor logical connective: tanru-internal forethought exclusive or (with gi); Latin 'aut' .i I sentence link sentence link/continuation; continuing sentences on same topic; normally elided for new speakers je JA tanru and logical connective: tanru-internal afterthought and je'i JA tanru conn ? logical connective: tanru-internal afterthought conn question jo JA tanru iff logical connective: tanru-internal afterthought biconditional/iff/if-and-only-if ja JA tanru or logical connective: tanru-internal afterthought or ju JA tanru whether logical connective: tanru-internal afterthought whether-or-not .ije JA* sentence and logical connective: sentence afterthought and .ijenai JA* sentence but not logical connective: sentence afterthought x but not y .ije'i JA* sentence conn ? logical connective: sentence afterthought conn question .ijanai JA* sentence if logical connective: sentence afterthought: (preceding sentence) if this sentence .ijo JA* sentence iff logical connective: sentence afterthought biconditional/iff/if-and-only-if .inaja JA* sentence only if logical connective: sentence afterthought conditional/only if .ija JA* sentence or logical connective: sentence afterthought or .iju JA* sentence whether logical connective: sentence afterthought whether-or-not .ijonai JA* sentence xor logical connective: sentence afterthought exclusive or; Latin 'aut' jenai JA* tanru but not logical connective: tanru-internal afterthought x but not y naja JA* tanru only if logical connective: tanru-internal afterthought conditional/only if jonai JA* tanru xor logical connective: tanru-internal afterthought exclusive or; Latin 'aut' jai JAI modal conversion convert tense/modal (tagged) place to 1st place; 1st place moves to extra FA place (fai) fa'u JOI and respectively non-logical connective: respectively; unmixed ordered distributed association pi'u JOI cross product non-logical connective: cross product; Cartesian product of sets joi JOI in a mass with non-logical connective: mixed conjunction; "and" meaning "mixed together", forming a mass ce'o JOI in a sequence with non-logical connective: ordered sequence link; "and then", forming a sequence ce JOI in a set with non-logical connective: set link, unordered; "and also", but forming a set jo'u JOI in common with non-logical connective: in common with; along with (unmixed) ku'a JOI intersection non-logical connective: intersection of sets jo'e JOI union non-logical connective: union of sets ju'e JOI vague connective vague non-logical connective: analogous to plain ".i" jo'i JOhI array join mathematical expression (mex) operands into an array ke KE start grouping start grouping of tanru, etc; ... type of ... ; overrides normal tanru left grouping kei KEI end abstraction elidable terminator: end abstraction bridi (often elidable) ke'e KEhE end grouping elidable terminator: end of tanru left grouping override (usually elidable) ki KI tense default tense/modal: set/use tense default; establishes new open scope space/time/modal reference base roda KOhA* everything logically quantified universal sumti: everything (unless restricted) la'edi'u KOhA* last utterance it pro-sumti: the referent of the last utterance; the state described: "IT was fun" noda KOhA* nothing at all logically quantified sumti: nothing at all (unless restricted) da KOhA1 something 1 logically quantified existential pro-sumti: there exists something 1 (usually restricted) de KOhA1 something 2 logically quantified existential pro-sumti: there exists something 2 (usually restricted) di KOhA1 something 3 logically quantified existential pro-sumti: there exists something 3 (usually restricted) da'u KOhA2 earlier utterance pro-sumti: a remote past utterance; "She couldn't have known that IT would be true." da'e KOhA2 eventual utterance pro-sumti: remote future utterance; "He'll tell you tomorrow. IT will be a doozy." di'u KOhA2 last utterance pro-sumti: the last utterance di'e KOhA2 next utterance pro-sumti: the next utterance de'u KOhA2 recent utterance pro-sumti: a recent utterance de'e KOhA2 soon utterance pro-sumti: a near future utterance dei KOhA2 this utterance pro-sumti: this utterance do'i KOhA2 unspecif utterance pro-sumti: elliptical/unspecified utterance variable ko KOhA3 imperative pro-sumti: you (imperative); make it true for you, the listener mi KOhA3 me pro-sumti: me/we the speaker(s)/author(s); identified by self-vocative mi'o KOhA3 me and you pro-sumti: me/we the speaker(s)/author(s) & you the listener(s) ma'a KOhA3 we with you pro-sumti: me/we the speaker(s)/author(s) & you the listener(s) & others unspecified mi'a KOhA3 we, not you pro-sumti: me/we the speaker(s)/author(s) & others unspecified, but not you, the listener do KOhA3 you pro-sumti: you listener(s); identified by vocative do'o KOhA3 you and others pro-sumti: you the listener & others unspecified ko'a KOhA4 it-1 pro-sumti: he/she/it/they #1 (specified by goi) fo'u KOhA4 it-10 pro-sumti: he/she/it/they #10 (specified by goi) ko'e KOhA4 it-2 pro-sumti: he/she/it/they #2 (specified by goi) ko'i KOhA4 it-3 pro-sumti: he/she/it/they #3 (specified by goi) ko'o KOhA4 it-4 pro-sumti: he/she/it/they #4 (specified by goi) ko'u KOhA4 it-5 pro-sumti: he/she/it/they #5 (specified by goi) fo'a KOhA4 it-6 pro-sumti: he/she/it/they #6 (specified by goi) fo'e KOhA4 it-7 pro-sumti: he/she/it/they #7 (specified by goi) fo'i KOhA4 it-8 pro-sumti: he/she/it/they #8 (specified by goi) fo'o KOhA4 it-9 pro-sumti: he/she/it/they #9 (specified by goi) vo'a KOhA4 x1 it pro-sumti: repeats 1st place of main bridi of this sentence vo'e KOhA4 x2 it pro-sumti: repeats 2nd place of main bridi of this sentence vo'i KOhA4 x3 it pro-sumti: repeats 3rd place of main bridi of this sentence vo'o KOhA4 x4 it pro-sumti: repeats 4th place of main bridi of this sentence vo'u KOhA4 x5 it pro-sumti: repeats 5th place of main bridi of this sentence ru KOhA5 earlier sumti pro-sumti: a remote past sumti, before all other in-use backcounting sumti ri KOhA5 last sumti pro-sumti: the last sumti, as determined by back-counting rules ra KOhA5 recent sumti pro-sumti: a recent sumti before the last one, as determined by back-counting rules ta KOhA6 that there pro-sumti: that there; nearby demonstrative it; indicated thing/place near listener tu KOhA6 that yonder pro-sumti: that yonder; distant demonstrative it; indicated thing far from speaker&listener ti KOhA6 this here pro-sumti: this here; immediate demonstrative it; indicated thing/place near speaker zi'o KOhA7 nonexistent it pro-sumti: fills a sumti place, deleting it from selbri place structure;changes selbri semantics ke'a KOhA7 relativized it pro-sumti: relativized sumti (object of relative clause) ma KOhA7 sumti ? pro-sumti: sumti question (what/who/how/why/etc.); appropriately fill in sumti blank zu'i KOhA7 typical it pro-sumti: the typical sumti value for this place in this relationship; affects truth value zo'e KOhA7 unspecif it pro-sumti: an elliptical/unspecified value; has some value which makes bridi true ce'u KOhA8 lambda pseudo-quantifier binding a variable within an abstraction that represents an open place ku KU end sumti elidable terminator: end description, modal, or negator sumti; often elidable ku'e KUhE end mex forethought elidable terminator: end mathematical (mex) forethought (Polish) expression; often elidable ku'o KUhO end relative clause elidable terminator: end NOI relative clause; always elidable, but preferred in complex clauses la LA that named name descriptor: the one(s) called ... ; takes name or selbri description lai LA the mass of named name descriptor: the mass of individual(s) named ... ; takes name or selbri description la'i LA the set of named name descriptor: the set of those named ... ; takes name or selbri description ce'a LAU font shift 2-word letteral/shift: the word following indicates a new font (e.g. italics, manuscript) lau LAU punctuation mark 2-word letteral/shift: punctuation mark or special symbol follows zai LAU select alphabet 2-word letteral/shift: alternate alphabet selector follows tau LAU shift next lerfu 2-word letteral/shift: change case for next letteral only tu'a LAhE the bridi implied by extracts a concrete sumti from an unspecified abstraction; equivalent to le nu/su'u [sumti] co'e lu'a LAhE the individuals of the members of the set/components of the mass; converts another description type to individuals lu'o LAhE the mass composed of the mass composed of; converts another description type to a mass composed of the members la'e LAhE the referent of the referent of (indirect pointer); uses the referent of a sumti as the desired sumti vu'i LAhE the sequence of sumti qualifier: the sequence made from set or composed of elements/components; order is vague lu'i LAhE the set composed of the set with members; converts another description type to a set of the members lu'e LAhE the symbol for the symbol for (indirect discourse); uses the symbol/word(s) for a sumti as the desired sumti le LE the described non-veridical descriptor: the one(s) described as ... lei LE the mass described non-veridical descriptor: the mass of individual(s) described as ... loi LE the mass really is veridical descriptor: the mass of individual(s) that is(are) ... lo LE the really is veridical descriptor: the one(s) that really is(are) ... le'i LE the set described non-veridical descriptor: the set of those described as ..., treated as a set lo'i LE the set really is veridical descriptor: the set of those that really are ..., treated as a set le'e LE the stereotypical non-veridical descriptor: the stereotype of those described as ... lo'e LE the typical veridical descriptor: the typical one(s) who really is(are) ... leko'a LE* it-1's described as possessive/associative descriptor: the one(s) described as, of it-1's lemi LE* my described as possessive/associative descriptor: the one(s) described as, of mine leta LE* that one's possessive/associative descriptor: nearby demonstrative possessive; cannot use for 'THAT ...' leva LE* that there located descriptor: descriptive that-there (non-demonstrative) levu LE* that yonder located descriptor: descriptive that-yonder (non-demonstrative) letu LE* the yonder one's possessive/associative descriptor: distant demonstrative possessive levi LE* this here located descriptor: descriptive this-here (non-demonstrative) leti LE* this one's possessive/associative descriptor: immediate demonstrative possessive; cannot use for 'THIS ...' ledo LE* your described as possessive/associative descriptor: the one(s) described as, of yours le'u LEhU end error quote end quote of questionable or out-of-context text; not elidable me'o LI the mex the mathematical expression (unevaluated); convert unevaluated mathematical expression to sumti li LI the number the number/evaluated expression; convert number/operand/evaluated math expression to sumti li'u LIhU end quote elidable terminator: end grammatical quotation; seldom elidable except at end of text lo'o LOhO end mex sumti elidable terminator: end math express.(mex) sumti; end mex-to-sumti conversion; usually elidable lo'u LOhU error quote start questionable/out-of-context quote; text should be Lojban words, but needn't be grammatical lu LU quote start grammatical quotation; quoted text should be grammatical on its own lu'u LUhU end sumti qualifiers elidable terminator: end of sumti qualifiers; usually elidable except before a sumti mo'o MAI section ordinal higher-order utterance ordinal suffix; converts a number to ordinal, usually a section/chapter mai MAI sentence ordinal utterance ordinal suffix; converts a number to an ordinal, such as an item or paragraph number pamai MAI* firstly discursive: first utterance ordinal romai MAI* lastly discursive utterance ordinal: finally; last utterance ordinal remai MAI* secondly discursive: second utterance ordinal nomo'o MAI* section 0 discursive utterance ordinal: zeroth section/chapter ordinal; foreword pamo'o MAI* section 1 discursive utterance ordinal: first section/chapter ordinal ma'o MAhO operand to operator convert letteral string or other mathematical expression (mex) operand to mex operator me ME sumti to selbri convert sumti to selbri/tanru element; x1 is specific to [sumti] in aspect x2 me'u MEhU end sumti to selbri elidable terminator: end sumti that was converted to selbri; usually elidable mei MOI cardinal selbri convert number to cardinality selbri; x1 is the mass formed from set x2 whose n member(s) are x3 moi MOI ordinal selbri convert number to ordinal selbri; x1 is (n)th member of set x2 ordered by rule x3 si'e MOI portion selbri convert number to portion selbri; x1 is an (n)th portion of mass/totality x2; (cf. gunma) cu'o MOI probability selbri convert number to probability selbri; event x1 has probability (n) of occurring under cond. x2 raumei MOI* are enough quantified selbri: converts enough to cardinal; x1 is a set with members x2, enough by std. x3 pimucu'o MOI* has even odds quantified selbri: convert .5 to probability selbri; event x1 has a 50/50 chance under cond. x2 so'imei MOI* is a bunch quantified selbri: convert many to cardinal; x1 is a set with many members x2 of total set x3 panonomei MOI* is a century quantifier selbri: convert 100 to cardinal selbri; x1 is a set with the century of members x2 panomei MOI* is a decade quantifier selbri: convert 10 to cardinal selbri; x1 is a set with the decade of members x2 paremei MOI* is a dozen quantified selbri: convert 12 to cardinal selbri; x1 is a set with a dozen members x2 piresi'e MOI* is a fifth portion quantified selbri: convert .2 = 1/5 to portion selbri; x1 is 1/5 of mass/totality x2 bimei MOI* is a octet quantifier selbri: convert 8 to cardinal selbri; x1 is a set with the octet of members x2 remei MOI* is a pair quantified selbri: convert 2 to cardinal selbri; x1 is a set with the pair of members x2 mumei MOI* is a quintet quantifier selbri: convert 5 to cardinal selbri; x1 is a set with the quintet of members x2 renomei MOI* is a score quantifier selbri: convert 20 to cardinal selbri; x1 is a set with the score of members x2 cimei MOI* is a trio quantifier selbri: convert 3 to cardinal selbri; x1 is a set with the trio of members x2 da'aremoi MOI* is antepenultimate quantified selbri: converts all-but-2 to ordinal selbri; x1 is antepenult. among x2 by rule x3 su'oremoi MOI* is at least second quantified selbri: convert at least 2 to ordinal selbri; x1 is at-least-2nd among x2 by rule x3 bimoi MOI* is eighth among quantified selbri: convert 8 to ordinal selbri; x1 is eighth among x2 ordered by rule x3 raumoi MOI* is enoughth among quantified selbri: converts enough to ordinal; x1 is enoughth among x2, order rule x3 mumoi MOI* is fifth among quantified selbri: convert 5 to ordinal selbri; x1 is fifth among x2 ordered by rule x3 pamoi MOI* is first among quantified selbri: convert 1 to ordinal selbri; x1 is first among x2 ordered by rule x3 vomoi MOI* is fourth among quantified selbri: convert 4 to ordinal selbri; x1 is fourth among x2 ordered by rule x3 romoi MOI* is last among quantified selbri: is final among; convert all to ordinal selbri; x1 is last among x2, rule x3 somoi MOI* is ninth among quantified selbri: convert 9 to ordinal selbri; x1 is ninth among x2 ordered by rule x3 da'amoi MOI* is penultimate among quantified selbri: converts all-but-(1) to ordinal selbri; x1 is penultimate among x2 by rule x3 su'oremei MOI* is plural quantified selbri: convert at least 2 to cardinal selbri; x1 is a set with plural membership x2 remoi MOI* is second among quantified selbri: convert 2 to ordinal selbri; x1 is second among x2 ordered by rule x3 zemoi MOI* is seventh among quantified selbri: convert 7 to ordinal selbri; x1 is seventh among x2 ordered by rule x3 pamei MOI* is singular quantified selbri: convert 1 to cardinal selbri; x1 is a set with single/sole/only member x2 xamoi MOI* is sixth among quantified selbri: convert 6 to ordinal selbri; x1 is sixth among x2 ordered by rule x3 panomoi MOI* is tenth among quantified selbri: convert 10 to ordinal selbri; x1 is tenth among x2 ordered by rule x3 pirosi'e MOI* is the whole of quantified selbri: converts all-of to portion selbri; x1 is the whole portion of mass x2 cimoi MOI* is third among quantified selbri: convert 3 to ordinal selbri; x1 is third among x2 ordered by rule x3 du'emei MOI* is too many quantifier selbri: convert too many to cardinal selbri; x1 is a set with too many members x2 mo'e MOhE sumti to operand convert sumti to mex operand; sample use in story arithmetic: [3 apples] + [3 apples] = what mo'i MOhI space motion mark motions in space-time ja'a NA bridi affirmer bridi logical affirmer; scope is an entire bridi na NA bridi negator bridi contradictory negator; scope is an entire bridi; logically negates in some cmavo compounds nai NAI negate last word attached to cmavo to negate them; various negation-related meanings to'e NAhE polar opposite polar opposite scalar negator je'a NAhE scalar affirmer scalar affirmer; denies scalar negation: Indeed! na'e NAhE scalar contrary contrary scalar negator: other than ...; not ...; a scale or set is implied no'e NAhE scalar midpoint not midpoint scalar negator: neutral point between je'a and to'e; "not really" na'u NAhU selbri to operator convert selbri to mex operator; used to create less-used operators using le'avla, lujvo, etc. ni'e NIhE selbri to operand convert selbri to mex operand; used to create new non-numerical quantifiers; e.g. "herd" of oxen ni'o NIhO new topic discursive: paragraph break; introduce new topic no'i NIhO old topic discursive: paragraph break; resume previous topic voi NOI descriptive clause non-veridical restrictive clause used to form complicated le-like descriptions using "ke'a" noi NOI incidental clause non-restrictive relative clause; attaches subordinate bridi with incidental information poi NOI restrictive clause restrictive relative clause; attaches subordinate bridi with identifying information to a sumti ni NU amount abstract abstractor: quantity/amount abstractor; x1 is quantity/amount of [bridi] measured on scale x2 du'u NU bridi abstract abstractor: predication/bridi abstractor; x1 is predication [bridi] expressed in sentence x2 si'o NU concept abstract abstractor: idea/concept abstractor; x1 is x2's concept of [bridi] nu NU event abstract abstractor: generalized event abstractor; x1 is state/process/achievement/activity of [bridi] li'i NU experience abstract abstractor: experience abstractor; x1 is x2's experience of [bridi] (participant or observer) ka NU property abstract abstractor: property/quality abstractor (-ness); x1 is quality/property exhibited by [bridi] jei NU truth abstract abstractor: truth-value abstractor; x1 is truth value of [bridi] under epistemology x2 su'u NU unspecif abstract abstractor: generalized abstractor (how); x1 is [bridi] as a non-specific abstraction of type x2 sedu'u NU* sentence abstract compound abstractor: sentence/equation abstract; x1 is text expressing [bridi] which is x2 zu'o NU1 activity abstract abstractor: activity (event) abstractor; x1 is abstract activity of [bridi] composed of x2 mu'e NU1 point-event abstract abstractor: achievement (event) abstractor; x1 is the event-as-a-point/achievement of [bridi] pu'u NU1 process abstract abstractor: process (event) abstractor; x1 is process of [bridi] proceeding in stages x2 za'i NU1 state abstract abstractor: state (event) abstractor; x1 is continuous state of [bridi] being true nu'a NUhA operator to selbri convert mathematical expression (mex) operator to a selbri/tanru component nu'i NUhI start fore termset start forethought termset construct; marks start of place structure set with logical connection nu'u NUhU end fore termset elidable terminator: end forethought termset; usually elidable except with following sumti paki'o PA* 1,000 number/quantity: 1,000 expressed with comma pano PA* 10 number/quantity: 10 [ten] panono PA* 100 number/quantity: 100 [one hundred] papa PA* 11 number/quantity: 11 [eleven] pare PA* 12 number/quantity: 12 [twelve] paci PA* 13 number/quantity: 13 [thirteen] pavo PA* 14 number/quantity: 14 [fourteen] pamu PA* 15 number/quantity: 15 [fifteen] paxa PA* 16 number/quantity: 16 [sixteen] paze PA* 17 number/quantity: 17 [seventeen] pabi PA* 18 number/quantity: 18 [eighteen] paso PA* 19 number/quantity: 19 [nineteen] reki'o PA* 2,000 number/quantity: 2,000 expressed with comma reno PA* 20 number/quantity: 20 [twenty] renono PA* 200 number/quantity: 200 [two hundred] ciki'o PA* 3,000 number/quantity: 3,000 expressed with comma cino PA* 30 number/quantity: 30 [thirty] cinono PA* 300 number/quantity: 300 [three hundred] voki'o PA* 4,000 number/quantity: 4,000 expressed with comma vono PA* 40 number/quantity: 40 [forty] vonono PA* 400 number/quantity: 400 [four hundred] muki'o PA* 5,000 number/quantity: 5,000 expressed with comma muno PA* 50 number/quantity: 50 [fifty] munono PA* 500 number/quantity: 500 [five hundred] xaki'o PA* 6,000 number/quantity: 6,000 expressed with comma xano PA* 60 number/quantity: 60 [sixty] xanono PA* 600 number/quantity: 600 [six hundred] xavoki'o PA* 64,000 number/quantity: 64,000 expressed with comma zeki'o PA* 7,000 number/quantity: 7,000 expressed with comma zeno PA* 70 number/quantity: 70 [seventy] zenono PA* 700 number/quantity: 700 [seven hundred] biki'o PA* 8,000 number/quantity: 8,000 expressed with comma bino PA* 80 number/quantity: 80 [eighty] binono PA* 800 number/quantity: 800 [eight hundred] binonovo PA* 8004 number/quantity: 8004, without comma soki'o PA* 9,000 number/quantity: 9,000 expressed with comma sono PA* 90 number/quantity: 90 [ninety] sonono PA* 900 number/quantity: 900 [nine hundred] sozepimu PA* 97.5 number/quantity: 97.5 sosoce'i PA* 99 percent number/quantity: 99% (number) piso'u PA* a little of number: a little of piro PA* all of number: all of piso'a PA* almost all of number: almost all of piji'i PA* approximately all of number: approximately all of pisu'o PA* at least some of number: at least some of piso'i PA* much of number: much of ji'ini'u PA* rounded down rounded down (appended after string of digits indicating a rounded value) ji'ima'u PA* rounded up rounded up (appended after string of digits indicating a rounded value) pimo'a PA* too little of number: too little of pidu'e PA* too much of number: too much of no PA1 0 digit/number: 0 (digit) [zero] pa PA1 1 digit/number: 1 (digit) [one] re PA1 2 digit/number: 2 (digit) [two] ci PA1 3 digit/number: 3 (digit) [three] vo PA1 4 digit/number: 4 (digit) [four] mu PA1 5 digit/number: 5 (digit) [five] xa PA1 6 digit/number: 6 (digit) [six] ze PA1 7 digit/number: 7 (digit) [seven] bi PA1 8 digit/number: 8 (digit) [eight] so PA1 9 digit/number: 9 (digit) [nine] dau PA2 hex digit A digit/number: hex digit A (decimal 10) [ten] fei PA2 hex digit B digit/number: hex digit B (decimal 11) [eleven] gai PA2 hex digit C digit/number: hex digit C (decimal 12) [twelve] jau PA2 hex digit D digit/number: hex digit D (decimal 13) [thirteen] rei PA2 hex digit E digit/number: hex digit E (decimal 14) [fourteen] vai PA2 hex digit F digit/number: hex digit F (decimal 15) [fifteen] pi PA3 decimal point digit/number: radix (number base) point; default decimal pi'e PA3 digit separator digit/number:separates digits for base >16, not current standard, or variable (e.g. time, date) fi'u PA3 fraction slash digit/number: fraction slash; default "/n" => 1/n, "n/" => n/1, or "/" alone => golden ratio za'u PA3 greater than digit/number: greater than me'i PA3 less than digit/number: less than ni'u PA3 negative number digit/number: minus sign; negative number); default any negative ki'o PA3 number comma digit/number: number comma; thousands ce'i PA3 percent digit/number: % percentage symbol, hundredths ma'u PA3 positive number digit/number: plus sign; positive number; default any positive ra'e PA3 repeating decimal digit/number: repeating digits (of a decimal) follow da'a PA4 all except digit/number: all except n; all but n; default 1 so'a PA4 almost all digit/number: almost all (digit/number) ji'i PA4 approximately digit/number: approximately (default the typical value in this context) (number) su'o PA4 at least digit/number: at least (some); no less than su'e PA4 at most digit/number: at most (all); no more than ro PA4 each digit/number: each, all rau PA4 enough digit/number: enough; subjective so'u PA4 few digit/number: few so'i PA4 many digit/number: many so'e PA4 most digit/number: most so'o PA4 several digit/number: several mo'a PA4 too few digit/number: too few; subjective du'e PA4 too many digit/number: too many; subjective te'o PA5 exponential e digit/number: exponential e (approx 2.71828...) ka'o PA5 imaginary i digit/number: imaginary i; square root of -1 ci'i PA5 infinity digit/number: infinity; followed by digits => aleph cardinality tu'o PA5 null operand digit/number: null operand (used in unary operations); a non-specific/elliptical number xo PA5 number ? digit/number: number/digit/lerfu question pai PA5 pi digit/number: pi (approximately 3.1416...) no'o PA5 typical value digit/number: typical/average value pe'e PEhE termset conn mark marks the following connective as joining termsets pe'o PEhO fore mex operator forethought flag for mathematical expression (mex) Polish (forethought) operator ba PU after time tense relation/direction: will [selbri]; after [sumti]; default future tense pu PU before time tense relation/direction: did [selbri]; before/prior to [sumti]; default past tense ca PU during time tense relation/direction: is [selbri]; during/simultaneous with [sumti]; present tense puzu PU* a long time before time tense: a long time before; (tense/modal) puza PU* a medium time before time tense: a medium time before; (tense/modal) puzi PU* a short time before time tense: a short time before; (tense/modal) puca'a PU* actually was time tense: past actuality; modal aspect pujeba PU* before and after time tense: before and after; (tense/modal) pujeca PU* before and during time tense: before and during; (tense/modal) caca'a PU* currently is time tense: present actuality; modal aspect cajeba PU* during and after time tense: during and after; (tense/modal) puze'i PU* for a moment in past time tense: for a short interval some time in the past; (tense/modal) puze'a PU* for a period in past time tense: for a medium length interval some time in the past; (tense/modal) puze'u PU* for an era in past time tense: for a long interval some time in the past; (tense/modal) pupu PU* had earlier been time tense: had earlier been; (tense/modal) puba PU* was going to time tense: was going to; (tense/modal) baca'a PU* will actually time tense: future actuality; modal aspect baba PU* will be going to time tense: will be going to; (tense/modal) bapu PU* will have been time tense: will have been; (tense/modal) ra'o RAhO pro-assign update flag GOhA to indicate pro-assignment context updating for all pro-assigns in referenced bridi re'u ROI ordinal tense converts number to an objectively quantified ordinal tense interval modifier; defaults to time roi ROI quantified tense converts number to an objectively quantified tense interval modifier; defaults to time tense so'uroi ROI* a few times tense interval modifier: a few times; objective tense; defaults as time tense roroi ROI* always tense interval modifier: always; objectively quantified tense; defaults as time tense fe'eroroi ROI* everywhere location tense interval modifier: always in space; objectively quantified tense ci'iroi ROI* infinite times tense interval modifier: occurs infinite times, eternally; objective tense; defaults as time so'iroi ROI* many times tense interval modifier: many times; objective tense; defaults as time tense piso'iroi ROI* much of the time tense interval modifier: often; objectively quantified tense; defaults as time tense noroi ROI* never tense interval modifier: never; objectively quantified tense; defaults as time tense fe'enoroi ROI* nowhere location tense interval modifier: never in space; objectively quantified tense paroi ROI* once tense interval modifier: once; objectively quantified tense; defaults as time tense piso'uroi ROI* rarely tense interval modifier: rarely; objectively quantified tense; defaults as time tense ciroi ROI* thrice tense interval modifier: thrice; objectively quantified tense; defaults as time tense mo'aroi ROI* too few times tense interval modifier: too few times; objective tense; defaults as time tense du'eroi ROI* too many times tense interval modifier: too many times objective tense, defaults as time tense reroi ROI* twice tense interval modifier; objectively quantified tense; defaults as time tense so'eroi ROI* usually tense interval modifier: usually; objectively quantified tense; defaults as time tense sa SA erase utterance erase complete or partial utterance; next word shows how much erasing to do se SE 2nd conversion 2nd conversion; switch 1st/2nd places te SE 3rd conversion 3rd conversion; switch 1st/3rd places ve SE 4th conversion 4th conversion; switch 1st/4th places xe SE 5th conversion 5th conversion; switch 1st/5th places jaigau SE* agent conversion makes x1 the agent of a bridi; old 1st place moves to extra place (fai) jaivi SE* location conversion convert location tense (tagged) place to 1st place; 1st place moves to extra place (fai) jaica SE* time conversion convert time tense (tagged) place to 1st place; 1st place moves to extra place (fai) sei SEI discursive bridi start discursive (metalinguistic) bridi ti'o SEI mex precedence mathematical expression (mex) operator precedence (discursive) se'u SEhU end discursive elidable terminator: end discursive bridi or mathematical precedence;usually elidable si SI erase word erase the last Lojban word, treating non-Lojban text as a single word soi SOI reciprocal sumti discursive: reciprocal sumti marker; indicates a reciprocal relationship between sumti su SU erase discourse erase to start of discourse or text; drop subject or start over ru'i TAhE continuously tense interval modifier: continuously; subjective tense/modal; defaults as time tense ta'e TAhE habitually tense interval modifier: habitually; subjective tense/modal; defaults as time tense di'i TAhE regularly tense interval modifier: regularly; subjective tense/modal; defaults as time tense na'o TAhE typically tense interval modifier: characteristically/typically; tense/modal; defaults as time tense na'onai TAhE* atypically tense interval modifier: atypically; subjective tense/modal; defaults as time tense di'inai TAhE* irregularly tense interval modifier: irregularly/aperiodically; tense/modal; defaults as time tense ta'enai TAhE* non-habitually tense interval modifier: non-habitually; subjective tense/modal; defaults as time tense ru'inai TAhE* occasionally tense interval modifier: occasional/intermittent/discontinuous; defaults as time tense tei TEI composite lerfu composite letteral follows; used for muti-character letterals te'u TEhU end mex converters elidable terminator: end conversion between non-mex and mex; usually elidable to'i TO editorial unquote open editorial unquote (within a quote); contains grammatical text; mark with editorial insert to TO start parenthesis left parenthesis; start of parenthetical note which must be grammatical Lojban text toi TOI end parenthesis elidable terminator: right parenthesis/end unquote; seldom elidable except at end of text tu'e TUhE start text scope start of multiple utterance scope; used for logical/non-logical/ordinal joining of sentences tu'u TUhU end text scope elidable terminator: end multiple utterance scope; seldom elidable .e'ucu'i UI*1 abandon suggestion attitudinal: suggestion - abandon suggest - warning .o'onai UI*1 anger attitudinal: patience - mere tolerance - anger .oiro'i UI*1 anxiety attitudinal: emotional complaint .a'anai UI*1 avoiding attitudinal: attentive - inattentive - avoiding .i'anai UI*1 blame attitudinal: acceptance - blame .e'inai UI*1 challenge attitudinal: feeling constraint - independence - challenge/resistance against constraint .u'enai UI*1 commonplace attitudinal: wonder - commonplace .o'ucu'i UI*1 composure attitudinal: relaxation - composure - stress .uanai UI*1 confusion attitudinal: discovery - confusion/searching .u'onai UI*1 cowardice attitudinal: courage - timidity - cowardice .uunai UI*1 cruelty attitudinal: pity - cruelty .a'onai UI*1 despair attitudinal: hope - despair .ienai UI*1 disagreement attitudinal: agreement - disagreement .i'enai UI*1 disapproval attitudinal: approval - non-approval - disapproval .ianai UI*1 disbelief attitudinal: belief - skepticism - disbelief .a'ucu'i UI*1 disinterest attitudinal: interest - disinterest - repulsion .ionai UI*1 disrespect attitudinal: respect - disrespect .o'enai UI*1 distance attitudinal: closeness - distance .oiro'a UI*1 embarrassment attitudinal: social complaint .i'onai UI*1 envy attitudinal: appreciation - envy .a'enai UI*1 exhaustion attitudinal: alertness - exhaustion .uenai UI*1 expectation attitudinal: surprise - expectation .einai UI*1 freedom attitudinal: obligation - freedom .iunai UI*1 hatred attitudinal: love - no love lost - hatred .a'acu'i UI*1 inattentive attitudinal: attentive - inattentive - avoiding .e'enai UI*1 incompetence attitudinal: competence - incompetence/inability .uonai UI*1 incompleteness attitudinal: completion - incompleteness .aicu'i UI*1 indecision attitudinal: intent - indecision - rejection/refusal .e'icu'i UI*1 independence attitudinal: feeling constraint - independence - challenge/resistance against constraint .aucu'i UI*1 indifference attitudinal: desire - indifference - reluctance .u'unai UI*1 innocence attitudinal: repentance - lack of regret - innocence .u'ucu'i UI*1 lack of regret attitudinal: repentance - lack of regret - innocence .u'anai UI*1 loss attitudinal: gain - loss .o'ocu'i UI*1 mere tolerance attitudinal: patience - mere tolerance - anger .o'acu'i UI*1 modesty attitudinal: pride - modesty/humility - shame .i'unai UI*1 mystery attitudinal: familiarity - mystery .e'onai UI*1 negative request attitudinal: request - negative request .iucu'i UI*1 no love lost attitudinal: love - no love lost - hatred .a'icu'i UI*1 no special effort attitudinal: effort - no special effort - repose .i'ecu'i UI*1 non-approval attitudinal: approval - non-approval - disapproval .uecu'i UI*1 not very surprised attitudinal: surprise - not really surprised - expectation axis .oiro'o UI*1 physical pain attitudinal: physical complaint .oinai UI*1 pleasure attitudinal: complaint - pleasure .i'inai UI*1 privacy attitudinal: togetherness - privacy .e'anai UI*1 prohibition attitudinal: permission - prohibition .oiro'e UI*1 puzzlement attitudinal: mental complaint (puzzlement, excess mental work) .o'inai UI*1 rashness attitudinal: caution - rashness .ainai UI*1 refusal attitudinal: intent - indecision - rejection/refusal .aunai UI*1 reluctance attitudinal: desire - indifference - reluctance .a'inai UI*1 repose attitudinal: effort - no special effort - repose .a'unai UI*1 repulsion attitudinal: interest - disinterest - repulsion .iinai UI*1 security attitudinal: fear - security .oiro'u UI*1 sexual complaint attitudinal: sexual complaint .o'anai UI*1 shame attitudinal: pride - modesty/humility - shame .iacu'i UI*1 skepticism attitudinal: belief - skepticism - disbelief .oire'e UI*1 spiritual complaint attitudinal: spiritual/religious complaint .o'unai UI*1 stress attitudinal: relaxation - composure - stress .uepei UI*1 surprised? attitudinal: surprise question .u'ocu'i UI*1 timidity attitudinal: courage - timidity - cowardice .uinai UI*1 unhappiness attitudinal: happiness - unhappiness .e'unai UI*1 warning attitudinal: suggestion - abandon suggest - warning .u'inai UI*1 weariness attitudinal: amusement - weariness ba'acu'i UI*2 I experience evidential: I expect - I experience - I remember su'anai UI*2 I particularize evidential: I generalize - I particularize; discursive: abstractly - concretely ba'anai UI*2 I remember evidential: I expect - I experience - I remember ba'ucu'i UI*3 accuracy discursive: exaggeration - accuracy - understatement mu'anai UI*3 concluding examples discursive: for example - omitting - end examples ke'unai UI*3 continuing discursive: repeating - continuing sa'unai UI*3 elaborating discursive: simply - elaborating ra'ucu'i UI*3 equally discursive: chiefly - equally - incidentally je'unai UI*3 falsity discursive: truth - falsity la'anai UI*3 improbability discursive: probability - improbability to'unai UI*3 in detail discursive: in brief - in detail da'inai UI*3 in fact discursive: supposing - in fact va'inai UI*3 in the same words discursive: in other words - in the same words ra'unai UI*3 incidentally discursive: chiefly - equally - incidentally sa'enai UI*3 loosely speaking discursive: precisely speaking - loosely speaking li'anai UI*3 obscurely discursive: clearly - obscurely bi'unai UI*3 old information discursive: newly introduced information - previously introduced information mu'acu'i UI*3 omitting examples discursive: for example - omitting - end examples zu'unai UI*3 on the other hand discursive: on the one hand - on the other hand do'anai UI*3 parsimoniously discursive: generously - parsimoniously pa'enai UI*3 prejudice discursive: justice - prejudice ta'onai UI*3 return to main point discursive: by the way - returning to main point paunai UI*3 rhetorical question discursive: unreal/rhetorical question follows ba'unai UI*3 understatement discursive: exaggeration - accuracy - understatement ta'unai UI*3a expanding the tanru discursive: making a tanru - expanding the tanru ro'anai UI*4 antisocial emotion category/modifier: social - antisocial ro'inai UI*4 denying emotion emotion category/modifier: emotional - denying emotion ro'onai UI*4 denying physical emotion category/modifier: physical - denying physical ro'enai UI*4 mindless emotion category/modifier: mental - mindless re'enai UI*4 sacrilege emotion category/modifier: spiritual/worship - sacrilege ro'unai UI*4 sexual abstinence emotion category/modifier: sexual - sexual abstinence le'onai UI*5 defensive attitudinal modifier: aggressive - passive - defensive se'anai UI*5 dependency attitudinal modifier: self-sufficiency - dependency fu'inai UI*5 difficult attitudinal modifier: easy - difficult zo'ocu'i UI*5 dully attitudinal modifier: humorously - dully - seriously ga'icu'i UI*5 equal rank attitudinal modifier/honorific: hauteur - equal rank - meekness; used with one of equal rank ju'onai UI*5 impossibility attitudinal modifier: certainty - uncertainty - impossibility ga'inai UI*5 meekness attitudinal modifier/honorific: hauteur - equal rank - meekness; used with one of higher rank se'inai UI*5 other-oriented attitudinal modifier: self-oriented - other-oriented le'ocu'i UI*5 passive attitudinal modifier: aggressive - passive - defensive be'ucu'i UI*5 presence attitudinal modifier: lack/need - presence/satisfaction - satiation ju'ocai UI*5 quite certain attitudinal modifier: intense certainty ri'enai UI*5 restraint of emotion attitudinal modifier: release of emotion - emotion restraint be'unai UI*5 satiation attitudinal modifier: lack/need - presence/satisfaction - satiation zo'onai UI*5 seriously attitudinal modifier: humorously - dully - seriously vu'enai UI*5 sin attitudinal modifier: virtue - sin ju'ocu'i UI*5 uncertainty attitudinal modifier: certainty - uncertainty - impossibility ju'opei UI*6 how certain? attitudinal: certainty question ki'anai UI*6 understanding non-question: understanding of something said bu'ocu'i UI*7 continue emotion attitudinal contour: start emotion - continue emotion - end emotion bu'onai UI*7 end emotion attitudinal contour: start emotion - continue emotion - end emotion .i'a UI1 acceptance attitudinal: acceptance - blame (cf. nalna'e, nalpro, no'epro, nalzugjdi) .ie UI1 agreement attitudinal: agreement - disagreement (cf. tugni) .a'e UI1 alertness attitudinal: alertness - exhaustion (cf. sanji, cikna, tatpi) .u'i UI1 amusement attitudinal: amusement - weariness (cf. selzdi, selxajmi, xalbo) .i'o UI1 appreciation attitudinal: appreciation - envy (cf. ckire, jilra) .i'e UI1 approval attitudinal: approval - non-approval - disapproval (cf. zanru) .a'a UI1 attentive attitudinal: attentive - inattentive - avoiding (cf. jundi, rivbi) .ia UI1 belief attitudinal: belief - skepticism - disbelief (cf. krici, jinvi) .o'i UI1 caution attitudinal: caution - rashness (cf. capyrivbi, capfanta, srerivbi, srefanta, naldarsi, seljde) .o'e UI1 closeness attitudinal: closeness - distance (cf. cnijbi, cnikansa) .e'e UI1 competence attitudinal: competence - incompetence/inability (cf. kakne, certu) .oi UI1 complaint attitudinal: complaint - pleasure (cf. pante, pluka, kufra) .uo UI1 completion attitudinal: completion - incompleteness (cf. mulno, mansa, fanmo, snada) .e'i UI1 constraint attitudinal: feeling constraint - independence - challenge/resistance against constraint (cf. selri'u, seljimte) .u'o UI1 courage attitudinal: courage - timidity - cowardice (cf. virnu) .au UI1 desire attitudinal: desire - indifference - reluctance (cf. djica) .ua UI1 discovery attitudinal: discovery - confusion/searching (cf. facki, cfipu, sisku) .a'i UI1 effort attitudinal: effort - no special effort - repose (cf. gunka, slunandu, guksurla, troci, selprogunka) .i'u UI1 familiarity attitudinal: familiarity - mystery (cf. slabu, nalni'o, kufra) .ii UI1 fear attitudinal: fear - security (cf. terpa, snura) .u'a UI1 gain attitudinal: gain - loss (cf. jinga, selne'u, prali, cirko) .ui UI1 happiness attitudinal: happiness - unhappiness (cf. gleki) .a'o UI1 hope attitudinal: hope - despair (cf. pacna) .ai UI1 intent attitudinal: intent - indecision - rejection/refusal (cf. termu'i, terzu'e, seljdi, selcu'a) .a'u UI1 interest attitudinal: interest - disinterest - repulsion (cf. cinri, selcni) .iu UI1 love attitudinal: love - no love lost - hatred (cf. prami) .ei UI1 obligation attitudinal: obligation - freedom (cf. bilga, zifre) .o'o UI1 patience attitudinal: patience - mere tolerance - anger (cf. fengu, to'ersteba, de'acni .e'a UI1 permission attitudinal: granting permission - prohibiting (cf. curmi) .uu UI1 pity attitudinal: pity - cruelty (cf. kecti) .o'a UI1 pride attitudinal: pride - modesty/humility - shame (cf. jgira, cumla, ckeji) .o'u UI1 relaxation attitudinal: relaxation - composure - stress (cf. surla, cnilanxe, dunku) .u'u UI1 repentance attitudinal: repentance - lack of regret - innocence (cf. xenru, zugycni) .e'o UI1 request attitudinal: request - negative request (cf. cpedu, pikci) .io UI1 respect attitudinal: respect - disrespect (cf. sinma) .e'u UI1 suggestion attitudinal: suggestion - abandon suggest - warning (cf. stidi, kajde) .ue UI1 surprise attitudinal: surprise - not really surprised - expectation (cf. spaji) .i'i UI1 togetherness attitudinal: togetherness - privacy (cf. kansa, gumna, sivni, sepli) .u'e UI1 wonder attitudinal: wonder - commonplace (cf. manci, fadni) ba'a UI2 I anticipate evidential: I expect - I experience - I remember (cf. bavykri, lifri, morji) ja'o UI2 I conclude evidential: I conclude (cf. selni'i, ni'ikri) ca'e UI2 I define evidential: I define (cf. mitcu'a, mitsmu) su'a UI2 I generalize evidential: I generalize - I particularize; discursive: abstractly - concretely (cf. sucta, sucni'i) ti'e UI2 I hear evidential: I hear (hearsay) (cf. tirna, sitna, tcidu) ka'u UI2 I know culturally evidential: I know by cultural means (myth or custom) (cf. kluju'o) se'o UI2 I know internally evidential: I know by internal experience (dream, vision, or personal revelation) (cf. senva) za'a UI2 I observe evidential: I observe (cf. zgana, lanli) pe'i UI2 I opine evidential: I opine (subjective claim) (cf. jinvi) ru'a UI2 I postulate evidential: I postulate (cf. sruma) ju'a UI2 I state evidential: I state - (default) elliptical/non-specific basis (cf. xusra) ta'o UI3 by the way discursive: by the way - returning to main point (cf. denpa, cneterta'a) ra'u UI3 chiefly discursive: chiefly - equally - incidentally (cf. ralju, vajni) li'a UI3 clearly discursive: clearly - obscurely (cf. klina) ba'u UI3 exaggeration discursive: exaggeration - accuracy - understatement (cf. satci, dukse) mu'a UI3 for example discursive: for example - omitting - end examples (cf. mupli) do'a UI3 generously discursive: generously - parsimoniously (cf. dunda) to'u UI3 in brief discursive: in brief - in detail (cf. tordu, clani, tcidu) va'i UI3 in other words discursive: in other words - in the same words (cf. cneselsku) pa'e UI3 justice discursive: justice - prejudice (cf. tcinydracu'a, tcinydrapai, vudypai) zu'u UI3 on the one hand discursive: on the one hand - on the other hand (cf. karbi, frica. dukti) sa'e UI3 precisely speaking discursive: precisely speaking - loosely speaking (cf. satci, jibni) la'a UI3 probability discursive: probability - improbability (cf. lakne) ke'u UI3 repeating discursive: repeating - continuing (cf. refbasna, krefu, rapli, velde'a) sa'u UI3 simply speaking discursive: simply - elaborating (cf. sampu, pluja) da'i UI3 supposing discursive: supposing - in fact (cf. sruma) je'u UI3 truth discursive: truth - falsity (cf. jetnu) sa'a UI3a editorial insertion discursive: material inserted by editor/narrator (bracketed text) (cf. setca) kau UI3a indirect question discursive: marks word serving as focus of indirect question: "I know WHO went to the store" ta'u UI3a making a tanru discursive: making a tanru - expanding the tanru (cf. tanru) na'i UI3a metalinguistic not discursive: metalinguistic negator (cf. naldra, nalmapti) jo'a UI3a metalinguistic yes discursive: metalinguistic affirmer (cf. drani) bi'u UI3a new information discursive: newly introduced information - previously introduced information (cf. nindatni, saurdatni) li'o UI3a omitted text discursive: omitted text (quoted material) pau UI3a question follows discursive: optional question premarker (cf. preti) mi'u UI3b ditto discursive: ditto (cf. mintu) ku'i UI3b however discursive: however/but/in contrast (cf. karbi, dukti, nalpanra) ji'a UI3b in addition discursive: additionally (cf. jmina) si'a UI3b similarly discursive: similarly (cf. simsa, panra) po'o UI3b uniquely discursive: uniquely, only, solely: the only relevant case (cf. pamei, mulno, frica) pe'a UI3c figurative marks a construct as figurative (non-literal/metaphorical) speech/text ro'i UI4 emotional emotion category/modifier: emotional - denying emotion (cf. cinmo) ro'e UI4 mental emotion category/modifier: mental - mindless (cf. menli) ro'o UI4 physical emotion category/modifier: physical - denying physical (cf. xadni) ro'u UI4 sexual emotion category/modifier: sexual - sexual abstinence (cf. cinse) ro'a UI4 social emotion category/modifier: social - antisocial (cf. jikca) re'e UI4 spiritual emotion category/modifier: religious/spiritual/worship - sacrilege (cf. lijda) le'o UI5 aggressive attitudinal modifier: aggressive - passive - defensive (cf. gunta, bandu) ju'o UI5 certainty attitudinal modifier: certainty - uncertainty - impossibility (cf. birti, cumki) fu'i UI5 easy attitudinal modifier: easy - difficult (cf. frili) dai UI5 empathy attitudinal modifier: marks empathetic use of preceding attitudinal; shows another's feelings (cf. cnijmi) ga'i UI5 hauteur attitudinal modifier/honorific: hauteur - equal rank - meekness; used with one of lower rank (cf. gapru, cnita) zo'o UI5 humorously attitudinal modifier: humorously - dully - seriously (cf. xajmi, junri) be'u UI5 lack attitudinal modifier: lack/need - presence/satisfaction - satiation (cf. claxu, nitcu, mansa) ri'e UI5 release of emotion attitudinal modifier: release of emotion - emotion restraint (cf. cniri'u, cnicru) se'i UI5 self-oriented attitudinal modifier: self-oriented - other-oriented (cf. sevzi, drata) se'a UI5 self-sufficiency attitudinal modifier: self-sufficiency - dependency (cf. sezysei, kantcu) vu'e UI5 virtue attitudinal modifier: virtue - sin (cf. vrude, zungi) ki'a UI6 textual confusion attitudinal question: confusion about something said (cf. cfipu, kucli) xu UI6 true-false ? discursive: true-false question ge'e UI6 unspecif emotion attitudinal: elliptical/unspecified/non-specific emotion; no particular feeling bu'o UI7 start emotion attitudinal contour: start emotion - continue emotion - end emotion vi VA here at location tense distance: here at ... ; at or a very short/tiny distance from ... va VA there at location tense distance: near to ... ; there at ...; a medium/small distance from ... vu VA yonder at location tense distance: far from ... ; yonder at ... ; a long distance from ... vau VAU end simple bridi elidable: end of sumti in simple bridi; in compound bridi, separates common trailing sumti vei VEI left bracket left mathematical bracket ve'u VEhA big space interval location tense interval: a large region of space ve'a VEhA small space interval location tense interval: a small/medium region of space ve'i VEhA tiny space interval location tense interval: a tiny region of space ve'e VEhA whole space interval location tense interval: the whole of space ve'o VEhO right bracket right mathematical bracket vi'i VIhA 1-space interval dimensionality of space interval tense: 1-space interval; along a line vi'a VIhA 2-space interval dimensionality of space interval tense: 2-space interval; throughout an area vi'u VIhA 3-space interval dimensionality of space interval tense: 3-space interval; throughout a space vi'e VIhA 4-space interval dimensionality of space interval tense: 4-space interval; throughout a spacetime vu'o VUhO long scope relative joins relative clause/phrase to complete complex or logically connected sumti in afterthought ge'a VUhU0 null operator mathematical operator: null mathematical expression (mex) operator (used in >2-ary ops) fu'u VUhU0 unspecif operator n-ary mathematical operator: elliptical/unspecified mathematical expression (mex) operator fe'i VUhU1 divided by n-ary mathematical operator: divided by; division operator; [(((a / b) / c) / ...)] vu'u VUhU1 minus n-ary mathematical operator: minus; subtraction operator; [(((a - b) - c) - ...)] su'i VUhU1 plus n-ary mathematical operator: plus; addition operator; [(((a + b) + c) + ...)] pi'i VUhU1 times n-ary mathematical operator: times; multiplication operator; [(((a * b) * c) * ...)] gei VUhU2 exponential notation trinary mathematical operator: order of magnitude/value/base; [b * (c to the a power)] ju'u VUhU2 number base binary mathematical operator: number base; [a interpreted in the base b] pa'i VUhU2 ratio binary mathematical operator: ratio; [the ratio of a to b] fa'i VUhU2 reciprocal of unary mathematical operator: reciprocal; multiplicative inverse; [1/a] te'a VUhU2 to the power binary mathematical operator: to the power; exponential; [a to the b power] cu'a VUhU3 absolute value unary mathematical operator: absolute value/norm |a| va'a VUhU3 additive inverse unary mathematical operator: additive inverse; [- a] ne'o VUhU3 factorial unary mathematical operator: factorial; a! de'o VUhU3 logarithm binary mathematical operator: logarithm; [log/ln a to base b]; default base 10 or e fe'a VUhU3 nth root of binary mathematical operator: nth root of; inverse power [a to the 1/b power] sa'o VUhU4 derivative trinary mathematical operator: [derivative of a with respect to b of degree c] ri'o VUhU4 integral trinary mathematical operator: [integral of a with respect to b over range c] sa'i VUhU4 matrix of columns n-ary mathematical operator: operands are vectors to be treated as matrix columns pi'a VUhU4 matrix of rows n-ary mathematical operator: operands are vectors to be treated as matrix rows si'i VUhU4 sigma summation trinary mathematical operator: [sigma summation of a using variable b over range c] re'a VUhU4 transpose unary mathematical operator: matrix transpose/dual; A* xi XI subscript subscript; attaches a numer of letteral string following as a subscript onto grammar structures .y Y hesitation hesitation noise; maintains the floor while speaker decides what to say next co'i ZAhO achievative interval event contour: at the instantaneous point of ...; achievative; point event >|< pu'o ZAhO anticipative interval event contour: in anticipation of ...; until ... ; inchoative ----| | co'u ZAhO cessative interval event contour: at the ending point of ... even if not done; cessative | >< | mo'u ZAhO completive interval event contour: at the natural ending point of ...; completive | >|< ca'o ZAhO continuative interval event contour: during ...; continuative |-----| co'a ZAhO initiative interval event contour: at the starting point of ...; initiative >|< | de'a ZAhO pausative event contour for a temporary halt and ensuing pause in a process ba'o ZAhO perfective interval event contour: in the aftermath of ...; since ...; perfective | |---- di'a ZAhO resumptitive event contour for resumption of a paused process za'o ZAhO superfective interval event contour: continuing too long after natural end of ...; superfective | ----> fe'emo'u ZAhO* at the far end of location event contour tense: completive in space; at the far end of ... fe'eco'i ZAhO* at the point of location event contour tense: achievative in space; at the point of ... fe'eba'o ZAhO* beyond location event contour tense: perfective in space; beyond the place of ... fe'eza'o ZAhO* continuing too far location event contour tense: superfective in space; continuing too far beyond ... caba'o ZAhO* has been time tense: has been, is now in the aftermath of; (tense/modal) capu'o ZAhO* is going to time tense: is going to, is now just about to, is now anticipating; (tense/modal) caca'o ZAhO* is now time tense: is now/simultaneously, is now in the middle of; (tense/modal) fe'eco'a ZAhO* on this edge of location event contour tense: initiative in space; on this edge of ... fe'eca'o ZAhO* throughout location event contour tense: continuative in space; throughout the place of ... fe'epu'o ZAhO* up to the edge of location event contour tense: anticipative in space; up to the edge of ... puca'o ZAhO* was then time tense: was then; (tense/modal) baca'o ZAhO* will be then time tense: will be then; (tense/modal) zei ZEI lujvo glue joins preceding and following words into a lujvo ze'u ZEhA long time interval time tense interval: a long amount of time ze'a ZEhA medium time interval time tense interval: a medium length of time ze'i ZEhA short time interval time tense interval: an instantaneous/tiny/short amount of time ze'e ZEhA whole time interval time tense interval: the whole of time ze'aba ZEhA* for a while after time tense: a medium time interval offset towards the future; (tense/modal) ze'apu ZEhA* for a while before time tense: a medium time interval offset towards the past; (tense/modal) ze'aca ZEhA* for a while during time tense: a medium time interval spanning the present; (tense/modal) zu ZI long time time tense distance: long distance in time za ZI medium time time tense distance: medium distance in time zi ZI short time time tense distance: instantaneous-to-short distance in time zi'e ZIhE rel clause joiner joins relative clauses which apply to the same sumti zo ZO 1-word quote quote next word only; quotes a single Lojban word (not a cmavo compound or tanru) zoi ZOI non-Lojban quote delimited non-Lojban quotation; the result treated as a block of text la'o ZOI the non-Lojban named delimited non-Lojban name; the resulting quote sumti is treated as a name zo'u ZOhU end prenex marks end of logical prenex quantifiers/topic identification and start of sentence bridi slaka bu BY* close-comma letteral: Lojban "," character denpa bu BY* pause symbol letteral: Lojban "." character le go'i KOhA* the x1 of last bridi description pro-sumti: reuses the value of the x1 of the previous bridi le jaica LE* the time of description: marks description extracting the time tense place of the description bridi le jaigau LE* the agent in description: marks description extracting the agentive place of the description selbri le jaivi LE* the location of description: marks description extracting the location place of the description bridi cu'u ko'a BAI* as said by it-1 tagged sumti: can be used for embedded: it-1 said, "...", with editorial unquote and insert ca ma PU* when? sumti question asking for a time/date/event; simultaneous with what? vi ma VA* where? sumti question asking for a location: at/near what? ni'i ma BAI* by what logic? sumti question asking for a logical proof; why? ta'i ma BAI* by what method? sumti question asking for a method; how? la'u ma BAI* in what quantity? sumti question asking for a quantity; how many? ri'a ma BAI* with what cause? sumti question asking for a physical cause; why? mu'i ma BAI* with what motive? sumti question asking for a motive; why? me'e ma BAI* with what name? sumti question asking for a name; who?; requires quoted name as an answer ki'u ma BAI* with what reason? sumti question asking for a rational explanation/justification; why? sekai ma BAI* which kind? sumti question asking for a characteristic property/quality; which? le sego'i KOhA* the x2 of last bridi description pro-sumti: reuses the value of the x2 of the previous bridi le tego'i KOhA* the x3 of last bridi description pro-sumti: reuses the value of the x3 of the previous bridi le vego'i KOhA* the x4 of last bridi description pro-sumti: reuses the value of the x4 of the previous bridi le xego'i KOhA* the x5 of last bridi description pro-sumti: reuses the value of the x5 of the previous bridi