CLL, aka Reference Grammar, Errata

This page is for errata in The Complete Lojban language, that is for mistakes such as typos, or self-contradictions, or contradictions with other baselined language definition material. This is not a page to put desiderata (suggestions for improvement); such suggestions should go to Suggestions for CLL, second edition. An online version incorporating these changes is available.

See also What is Lojban? errata (for the published version), Level 0 Booklet Errata ? (for the pre-publication reviews; now finished), and Lessons Errata (for the beginners' course).

Chapter 1

There is a paragraph at the very beginning of CLL, on page 4, with the sentence

"In essence, Chapter 2 gives a brief overview of the language, Chapter 21 gives the formal structure of the language, and the chapters in between put semantic bones on that formal flesh."

Wouldn't it make more sense to say "put semantic flesh on those formal bones"?

Steven Lytle

Approved Erratum

Chapter 2

Section 8 page 17 claims that "xu" is discussed in section 1.7, which happens to list the captions for all the chapter pictures.
- It should refer to Section 15. Approved Erratum

Section 10 says that example 10.3 (mi tavla do le tavla ku) means the same as (mi tavla do le tavla ku). Example 10.3 should be "mi tavla do le tavla", as it describes how "ku" may be omitted.
- It appears that example 10.3 is incorrect only in the online version, not the published book.

Section 17 says "Note that Example 17.3 has and requires a “cu” to prevent “bajra” and “klama” from forming a tanru, but Example 17.4 and Example 17.5 lack the unnecessary “cu”.", but example 17.3 is "la djan. [cu] klama le zarci".
- It appears that the offending sentence is present only in the online version, not the published book.

Chapter 3

Section 2, page 30: in the table the description of "apostrophe" should read "an unvoiced glottal spirant", not "a unvoiced".

Section 2, digital version. The IPA table got horribly mangled somewhere along the way. It should look like (SAMPA column added):

Letter	IPA	SAMPA	Description
'	h	h	an unvoiced glottal spirant
,	-	-	the syllable separator
.	ʔ	?	a glottal stop or a pause
a	a, ɑ	a, A	an open vowel
b	b	b	a voiced bilabial stop
c	ʃ, ʂ	S, s`	an unvoiced postalveolar fricative
d	d	d	a voiced dental/alveolar stop
e	ɛ, e	E, e	a front mid vowel
f	f, ɸ	f, p\	an unvoiced labial fricative
g	ɡ	g	a voiced velar stop
i	i	i	a front close vowel
j	ʒ, ʐ	Z, z`	a voiced postalveolar fricative
k	k	k	an unvoiced velar stop
l	l, l̩	l, l=	a voiced lateral approximant (may be syllabic)
m	m, m̩	m, m=	a voiced bilabial nasal (may be syllabic)
n	n, n̩, ŋ, ŋ̩	n, n=, N, N=	a voiced dental or velar nasal (may be syllabic)
o	o, ɔ	o, O	a back mid vowel
p	p	p	an unvoiced bilabial stop
r	r, ɹ, ɾ, ʀ, r̩, ɹ̩, ɾ̩, ʀ̩	r, r\, 4, R\, r=, r\=, 4=, R\=	a rhotic sound
s	s	s	an unvoiced alveolar sibilant
t	t	t	an unvoiced dental/alveolar stop
u	u	u	a back close vowel
v	v, β	v, B	a voiced labial fricative
x	x	x	an unvoiced velar fricative
y	ə	@	a central mid vowel
z	z	z	a voiced alveolar sibilant

Section 2, page 30. for the second eng (immediately to the left of "(may be syllabic)") the syllabicity marker is concealed by the right tail.
- I can just barely see the marker under a good light. Approved Erratum
  - For future editions , note that the IPA approves putting diacritics above rather than below the letter in cases like these. Unfortunately, the fonts hitherto available have not made this facility available, so outside the journal of the IPA itself, such over-diacritics are seldom seen. — nitcion

In section 3.2, the comma should (probably) be represented by the IPA notation ., as the period is used in IPA to denote syllable breaks.

Section 2, page 30. For the Lojban phoneme /r/, the IPA symbol for a dental/alveolar voiced apical tap is given with a syllabicity marker below. A tap can't be syllabic, because it is by definition instantaneous.

Section 2. The descriptions of c and j are listed as "coronal sibilant"s. The descriptions should read "voiceless postalveolar fricative" and "voiced postalveolar fricative", respectively.

Section 3, third paragraph (page 31): "a unvoiced vowel glide" should be "an unvoiced vowel glide".

Section 6, page 36. IPA for the unacceptable American flap variant of intervocalic t shows the GA r sound (upside-down r) instead of the flap (like an r with no vertical bit at the top — see the list of acceptible r variants on on page 44 where it appears correctly) Approved Erratum

Section 6, page 36. (Same as previous erratum) The consonant is referred to as a flap, while it is actually a tap.

Section 8, page 38. IPA for pronunciation of "xapcke" has c where it should have S (long s).

Section 9, page 40. IPA for pronunciation of "dikyjvo" has j where it should have Z (that little script z thing) Approved Erratum

Section 12, page 46. What should be the Cyrillic letter ; is printed as something that looks like the Greek letter . Is this only a typographical variant of the ;, or is it a variant?

Section 12, page 47. "are/"esse" should probably be "are"/"esse" (the acute on the a may or may not have been left off, but the closing quote after are is definately missing.)
- My copy shows the acute.

Chapter 4

Section 4, page 54. The book states that fu'ivla with a form like spa'i are valid. They are not, they fail the slinku'i test. Approved Erratum

Section 7, page 60. In example 6.16, the word "xarnykarce" is glossed as "war-car". Either the gloss should be updated to reflect the veljvo ("stubborn-car"), or the lujvo should be updated to reflect the gloss "jamkarce"

Section 7, making a type 3 fu'ivla, step 5 should read "steps 1-4", not "steps 1-5"

Section 7, step 5 of the Stage 3 fu'ivla: "if the rafsi ends in r and the rest of the fu'ivla begins with n (or vice versa) use an l-hyphen" should read "if the rafsi ends in r and the rest of the fu'ivla begins with n, tc, ts, dz or dj, or the rafsi ends in n and the rest of the fu'ivla begins with r use an l-hyphen"

The end of section 7 seems to imply that cmene are exempt from the normal restrictions on consonant clusters as long as each consonant pair is valid.

Section 8. Example 8.10 djandjonz is not valid lojban as it contains the forbidden consonant sequence `ndj`.

Section 8, page 66. Example 8.12. Says that the gismu "solri" means "actually, 'pertaining to the sun'". This is false. According to the gismu list, it means isa sun.

Section 11, 5a) Examine all the C/C consonant pairs that join the CVC rafsi, and also the pair between the last CVC and the X portion, ignoring any "y"-hyphen before the X. should read instead: Examine all the C/C consonant pairs up to the first "y"-hyphen, or up to the end of the word in case there are no "y"-hyphens.

Section 12. In Examples 12.2, 12.3 and 12.4 the calculations are given as 32500 minus the score, instead of simply the score. (Probably from previous versions of the algorithm.)

Section 13, page 74, third table: there is no space between "lojbaugri" and "lojbangygri", so that they are run into one word in the second column of the table.

Section 15 states that "dzipo" comes from "cadzu cipni" ("walking bird"). This fails to make sense either etymologically or semantically (If the name refers to penguins, there are a lot of other features of Antarctica that are more prominent and not shared by other places). I suspect that the word may actually come from "dizlo daplu" ("low island"), which is a somewhat more reasonable name.
- Not an erratum, the word really does come from "caDZu cIPni". That it fails to make sense doesn't change the fact that that is how they constructed it. The etymologies of "bemro" and "ketco" make even less sense, by the way.

Chapter 5

Section 8, page 96/97: Example 8.13 needs some kind of terminator (like "be'o") before the "co". Also, the preceding paragraph suggests that "be" is the only way to fill selbri places other than x1. This is not the case: "mi le zarci cu klama co sutra" would also work.

Section 9 lists "kei" as the terminator for nu, but it's not only for nu, but for all of NU.

Section 14, page 104 says "dadylsi" for "dadysli".

Section 14, page 105 has the lujvo "cpumi'i" but defines it at the bottom of the set as "cpami'i".

Section 14, page 106 says "plise tapla" for "apple cake". Does Turkish really refer to a cake as a tile, or is this a misunderstanding of the definition of "tapla"?

Section 14, page 108 says "tumla spisa". This should probably be "tumla pagbu", since pieces of land are not actually detached.

Section 14, page 109 says "rostu mojysu'a". "rostu" is not a Lojban gismu, nor an Old Loglan primitive. It's supposed to be "mrostu".

Section 14, page 112 lists numerous tanru examples whose meanings are hypernyms of the tertau instead of hyponyms. This contradicts the primariness of the tertau as defined on page 84. The word "ja" should probably be inserted between the constituents, or the entire section should be removed.

Chapter 6

Section 12, p. 138 claims that the sumti in examples 12.2 and 12.3 operate like examples 2.5 and 3.6 respectively. "2.6 and 3.6" is almost surely what was meant. Approved Erratum

In section 11 Example 11.2 occurs twice.

Chapter 7

Section 6, page 156 has karca for karce. Approved Erratum

After example 6.18 is a paragraph that quotes non-existent text from example 6.10. "go'e ra'o" should read "go'i ra'o" and "do go'e" should read "mi go'i"

Section 7, example 7.7 has "mi zbasu loi mudri zi'o" for "mi zbasu le dinju zi'o"

Section 8, p. 158 implies that vo'a-series anaphora refer to sumti of the bridi they themselves are sumti of. This contradicts the cmavo list, and is incorrect: vo'a-series anaphora (according to the ma'oste) refer to sumti of the outermost bridi within the current sentence. This makes them logophors/long distance reflexives, rather than short-distance reflexives, as is normal in human language. Thus, in mi nelci lenu do prami vo'a, vo'ameans mi, not do.
- -->Why the Book is Right and the ma'oste is Wrong
  - Which of the two cases is normal in human language? If you'd written it in Lojban, I'd know!
    - I'd guess that short-distance is normal, b/c otherwise it would not be worth comparing the two. But of course in lojban we wouldn't have to glork that.

Example 7.8.5 (p159): bajra on third line should be bajykla, like the others.

Chapter 8

Section 8, p. 181: 8.1) li pai noi na'e frinu namcushould be li pai noi na'e frinu cu namcu. In Section 3 the example 3.20 should have {xance} instead of {xanci}, which is definitely a typo. --idontknw

Chapter 9

Section 6, place structure of pilno is missing "for purpose x3".

Chapter 10

Section 9, example 9.9 on page 227 has "cirli" for "cirla".

Section 17, example 17.12 should not have the second "bevri".

Section 19, example 19.10 should have "ba", not "pu".

Section 25, examples 25.1 and 25.2 have lu'a for la'u.

Section 25, this whole section is at odds with the formal grammar. It says: It is grammatical for a termset to be placed after a tense or modal tag rather than a sumti. But that is in fact incorrect, it is not grammatical for a termset to be the argument of a tag.

Section 27: MOhI see Section 28, not 27.

Chapter 11

Section 4: The use of ka in Example 4.4 (page 259) is erroneous; it should be du'u. --John Cowan Approved Erratum

Last paragraph of section 7 references chapter 5 for a discussion of "lu'e". lu'e isn't mentioned in chapter 5. Probably chapter 6 is meant here.

Section 9, page 266 has "sao'rdzifa'a" instead of "sa'ordzifa'a".

The same example (9.6) also has kuctra instead of kuctai

Section 10: Paragraph above example 10.7 references "Chapter 11". That should read "Chapter 10".

Section 12, page 269 has examples 13.1 and 13.2, those should be called 12.1 and 12.2.

Chapter 12

Section 2, page 275. The paragraph under Example 2.3 refers to it as Example 2.4 (2.4 doesn't even exist).

Section 6, page 280. Example 6.6 should have a space between "la spat." and "noi".

Section 7, page 282. Example 7.5 has "bansoi" instead of "balsoi".

Section 11, page 285 has "xascakcurnu" instead of "xasycakcurnu".

Section 14, page 291. The paragraph under example 14.7 says "se xance mindu" instead of "se xance minde".

Section 15, page 294, example 15.14. "la ainctain" needs a period before it because it starts with a vowel.

Chapter 13

In section 2, p. 300 references to the examples for .ue and .uecu'i are flipped. Approved Erratum

Section 3, page 303, example 3.9. "e'e" needs a period before it.

Section 3, page 303, example 3.10. "tisna" needs to be replaced with "tisygau".

Section 4, page 305. The scale with the gismu mnemonics is misaligned with the scale with the members of selma'o CAI. "sai" should be tabbed one place left, so that it aligns with tsali, &c.

Section 10, page 313. There is a missing space between "continue emotion" and "end emotion".

Section 15. A sample dialogue 15.4) / [Comment] Pam says, [Please] Alice, [end-of-comment] / [Comment] Pam says, [end-of-comment] [Please] Alice,/ Approved Erratum

Section 15, example 15.5 /xamgu/gleki/ ?

Section 15, example 15.10) /fi'i ro zvati ko pinxe pa ckafi/fi'i ro zvati .i ko pinxe pa ckafi/
- No, this one is perfectly fine: "fi'i ro zvati" is a vocative phrase, which is a free modifier, meaning that it can occur almost anywhere.

Section 15, example 15.13) /fi'o selpleji mi/fi'o pleji mi/

Chapter 14

Section 8, right before example 8.9 is "producing example 8.10" which should in fact read "producing example 8.9"

Section 9: between example 9.10 and 9.11, "identified" should read "identical"

Section 14, example 14.16 mentions "sorme", which is probably Old Loglan, and should be replaced by "mensi".

Chapter 15

Section 9, two paragraphs above example 9.4 the word "negativ" should be "negative".

Section 9: Is there supposed to be any difference between ex. 9.5 and 9.6?

Chapter 16

Section 5, example 5.5: English has "every Y" when it should read "every X"

Section 6, example 6.6 has a missing "cu" before "viska".

Section 10, ex. 10.5 and 10.6 have a prenex, "naku zo'u", after an ijek. This is not allowed by the grammar. It could be fixed by removing the "zo'u" and using "naku" outside the prenex, although this is only explained in the following Section 11.

Section 12, ex. 12.7 through 12.9 have missing "cu"s.

Section 14, Example 14.1 has "blaci" (glass) not "blabi" (white) as per the English.

Chapter 17

Section 5, after example 5.1, paragraph starting "However, " has incorrect font.

Section 9, page 421. lerfu strings are written without pauses or spaces, even though BY words have to end with a consonant.

Section 9, Example 9.4: shouldn't "symyjy" be "symydy" (lojban morphology)?

Right before section 12, there is a line break in the middle of the paragraph.

Section 17, page 427. ".tvriydos. bu" begins with the consonant cluster, which isn't even permissible medially.

In the table in section 19, the lervla for over-dot (".garmoc. bu") and over-ring (".garjin. bu") should be updated to their post-Reallocation forms, ".gapmoc. bu" and ".gapyjin. bu".

Section 19 has two columns run together in the row that says "Danish/Latin aetei .abu .ebu foi"

Chapter 18

In section 4 example 4.5 is linked instead of 4.7 - "Example 4.5 is not ``1 minus 2'', ..." where example 4.5 is just "te'o".

Section 5, p437 ex5.9 gloss: our -> four Approved Erratum

Section 6, p438: j vu'u -> vu'u Approved Erratum

Start of section 11 should read there are five members of MOI (not four)

In section 11, ex 11.10 on va'e "sofi'upano" in the example is glossed as "8/10" instead of "9/10". Approved Erratum

In section 17, at the bottom of page 454, the quadratic formula should be described as a classic example of operator logical connection, not operand.

Section 20, p458: -established -> established Approved Erratum

Section 21 states that the rafsi of "frinu" may be used as rafsi for "fi'u"; however, "frinu" lost both of its short rafsi in the Reallocation, so this really isn't very useful.

Section 22 example 22.3, "mo'e voboi renomei su'i ze", does not parse.
- It needs "vei" in front to be a quantifier (an operand by itself is not a permitted fragment). Also, the following text mentions "te'u" but the example omits it.

Chapter 19

Section 4, p467 ex4.3: zu'o -> zo'u Approved Erratum

Section 6, page 472. Example 6.6 ends with "klama", but for the argument to make sense, it has to say "nunkla".

Section 7, Example 7.1 has as the English: "I go-to (firstly) the store and (secondly) the market." "the market" should be "the house".

Chapter 20

Section LE, page 498. In "le gerku klama le zdani", "cu" is missing.

Section TUhE, page 505. In "xagmau zo'u tu'e ganai cidja gi cnino .i ganai vanju gi tolci'o tu'u?", "cnino" should be replaced by "citno". Also, a prenex can't have a selbri, so xagmau should be replaced by lo xagmau.

Section SE, page 504: missing "cu" after "zarci".

In the passages on VEI and VEhO, the "bo"s should be changed to "bi'e"s.

Chapter 21

In the BNF grammar, the rule simple-tense-modal-972 is missing a "|" before the CUhE. Approved Erratum

In the BNF grammar, the rule selbri-1-131 is missing a "|" before the NA. Approved Erratum

In the BNF grammar, the rule tanru-unit-2-152 is missing a "|" before the JAI. Approved Erratum

In the BNF grammar, the rule operator-1-371 is missing two "|". Approved Erratum

In the BNF grammar, the rule mex-operator-374 is missing a "|" before the MAhO and another before the VUhU. Approved Erratum

In the BNF grammar, the rule operand-3-385 is missing a "|" before the NIhE. Approved Erratum

In the BNF grammar, in the rule time_1030, the "ZEhA [PU NAI ]" should be enclosed in parentheses.

Created by TsaLi. Last Modification: Thursday 29 of April, 2010 22:53:54 GMT by uilfred.

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